Deregulation and the Racial Composition of Airlines

Economic theory suggests that the enhanced product market competition of deregulation reduces employers' ability to discriminate when hiring. Recent studies of the effect of deregulation on racial employment in the naturally competitive trucking industry find that deregulation increased minority employment. This study examines the effect of deregulation on racial employment in the airline industry. Because deregulation transformed airlines from wasteful service competition to rigorous price competition, deregulation's effect on racial hiring in this continuously competitive industry is not apparent. This study finds that deregulation only modestly changed the racial composition of major airline occupations, which suggests that the change in market structure as a result of deregulation may largely determine the effect of regulatory reform on the racial composition of an industry. © 2001 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.     

Just My Cup of Tea!

正I recently played a modern-day hostess for a black tea commercial in Beijing.As an American,it was a great opportunity to learn more about China’s traditional beverage,which I have come to occasionally enjoy alongside my habitual coffee fix.We filmed the commercial in a Western-style hotel on the northeast outskirts of Beijing.     

The Intersection of Religion,Race, Class,and Ethnicity in Community Conflict

This brief essay explores some ways of defining what we need to know — but don't — about conflict within and between communities where there are strong identity differences based on religion, culture, gender, and race. Its particular focus is on the role that religion and religious leaders play in attempting to resolve identity-based conflict.     

Networks of regulatory agencies as regional public goods: Improving infrastructure performance

Networks of sectoral regulatory agencies provide regional public goods (RPGs). In developed and developing countries, the telecommunications, energy, and water sectors have been re-structured (frequently liberalized) and reformed over the past two decades. Often with seed money from international organizations and donor countries, regulatory leaders at newly created commissions sought to learn from neighboring countries. Regional networks provided vehicles for sharing data and best-practice techniques, developing studies, providing training, distributing regulatory materials, and organizing meetings. Three properties of publicness of RPGs influence the provision of RPGs: non-rivalry of benefits, non-excludability of non-payers, and the aggregation technology. External donor funding and the mix of characteristics have influenced the pattern of network activities.     

Predicting turnover of police officers using the sixteen personality factor questionnaire

This study examined the relationship between personality characteristics assessed by the sixteen personality factor questionnaire (16PF) and turnover. The sample consisted of 280 police officers who voluntarily terminated their employment during an eight-year period and 280 officers who remained employed in the police force. A limited number of personality characteristics were found to predict turnover. These were Factor C: affected by feelings versus emotionally stable, Factor I: tough-minded versus tender-minded, and Factor H: shy versus venturesome. Contrary to expectation, two conscientiousness scales (Factor O: placid versus apprehension, and Factor Q4: relaxed versus tense) and two emotional stability scales (Factor O: placid versus apprehension, and Factor Q4: relaxed versus tense) were unrelated to turnover. The authors also explored the existence of differential validity based on gender; no evidence of this was found.     

Civil Legal Aid and Domestic Violence: a Review of the Literature and Promising Directions

This note summarizes extant research on civil legal aid, which includes provision of legal services for indigent and low-income individuals, and its applications for DV and IPV victims, and concludes with suggestions for improving service delivery and research in the field. Results of searches of online databases for peer-reviewed and non-peer reviewed articles, reports, analyses, and evaluations of civil legal aid in the United States were analyzed and critically assessed. Civil legal aid is a promising but underfunded and underexplored avenue for responding to and reducing domestic violence (DV), intimate partner violence (IPV), and their devastating effects. Providing civil counsel in divorce, custody, and protective order proceedings can significantly improve outcomes for DV and IPV victims and their children as well as serve as a cost-effective strategy for reducing violence and generating positive social returns.