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61.
Jens Hoffmann 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》2009,15(3):293-305
The paper presents a brief overview of the international scientific research regarding stalking, threats and attacks on public
figures. A special focus lies on European research and its tradition. Particular attention is directed towards the concept
of pathological fixations on public figures which covers different forms of harassment and aggressive behaviour. A closer
look at the history of scientific research and relevant case examples in this area reveals that pathological fixation on public
figures is a phenomenon which was described by psychiatrists as early as 150 years ago. As stalking can affect various kinds
of public figures, the research presented here covers stalking of celebrities, politicians, corporate figures and royals who
become the victim of harassment or violent attacks. Finally, the state of the art regarding the management of public figure
stalking and harassment and the prevention of assassinations by fixated persons in Europe is reviewed. 相似文献
62.
Jens Reinke 《发展研究杂志》2013,49(3):44-61
In current debates about micro‐credit, joint‐liability schemes are often viewed as the only viable way to non‐collateralised lending, and are thus seen as almost synonymous with micro‐credit. This article reports about an alternative, non‐participatory approach to micro‐credit. Prompted by the apparent inability of group credit schemes to reign in lending costs, the article sets out the institutional requirements for cheap, ‘mass‐produced’ credit. It argues that such credit can be viable if mechanisms are in place enforcing the self‐selection of potential borrowers and self‐motivation of existing borrowers. The analysis of a ‘mass‐minimalist’ micro‐credit institution from South Africa supports the argument. 相似文献
63.
64.
In preliminary relief proceedings against the Dutch search enginezoekallehuizen.nl, the Dutch court turned down the claims ofthe Dutch association of real estate agents (NVM) that the provisionof deep links to its members' websites infringed the copyrightand database rights of those realtors, but found that the NVMinfringed competition law by asking its members to make it impossiblefor zoekallehuizen.nl to provide deep links to their websites. 相似文献
65.
66.
The analysis of sharp and persistent reductions of current account deficits, which can be characterized as the transition
from an unsustainable to a more sustainable level of current account balance, relies often on ad hoc criteria for identification
of reversal episodes. Within this paper, an empirical framework in terms of a regime switching approach is presented allowing
simultaneous identification of current account reversal episodes and their determinants. Additionally, this approach is extended
towards analysis of the impact of a reversal on the path of economic growth. Empirical investigation of a panel containing
developing countries suggests a different timing of reversals compared to timing delivered by ad hoc criteria. However, several
determinants of reversals discussed in the literature remain valid. Our estimates of costs implied by the occurrence of a
current account reversal amount to a severe reduction of economic growth, where output costs are found to vary largely across
countries. 相似文献
67.
Matthew Sciandra Lisa Sanbonmatsu Greg J. Duncan Lisa A. Gennetian Lawrence F. Katz Ronald C. Kessler Jeffrey R. Kling Jens Ludwig 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2013,9(4):451-489
Objectives
Using data from a randomized experiment, to examine whether moving youth out of areas of concentrated poverty, where a disproportionate amount of crime occurs, prevents involvement in crime.Methods
We draw on new administrative data from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s Moving to Opportunity (MTO) experiment. MTO families were randomized into an experimental group offered a housing voucher that could only be used to move to a low-poverty neighborhood, a Section 8 housing group offered a standard housing voucher, and a control group. This paper focuses on MTO youth ages 15–25 in 2001 (n = 4,643) and analyzes intention to treat effects on neighborhood characteristics and criminal behavior (number of violent- and property-crime arrests) through 10 years after randomization.Results
We find the offer of a housing voucher generates large improvements in neighborhood conditions that attenuate over time and initially generates substantial reductions in violent-crime arrests and sizable increases in property-crime arrests for experimental group males. The crime effects attenuate over time along with differences in neighborhood conditions.Conclusions
Our findings suggest that criminal behavior is more strongly related to current neighborhood conditions (situational neighborhood effects) than to past neighborhood conditions (developmental neighborhood effects). The MTO design makes it difficult to determine which specific neighborhood characteristics are most important for criminal behavior. Our administrative data analyses could be affected by differences across areas in the likelihood that a crime results in an arrest. 相似文献68.
Jens Großer Ernesto Reuben Agnieszka Tymula 《American journal of political science》2013,57(3):582-597
We experimentally study the common wisdom that money buys political influence. In the game, one special interest (i.e., a corporate firm) has the opportunity to influence redistributive tax policies in her favor by transferring money to two competing candidates. The success of the investment depends on whether or not the candidates are willing and able to collude on low‐tax policies that do not harm their relative chances in the elections. In the experiment, successful political influence never materializes when the firm and candidates interact just once. By contrast, it yields substantially lower redistribution in about 40% of societies with finitely repeated encounters. However, investments are not always profitable, and profit sharing between the firm and candidates depends on prominent equity norms. Our experimental results shed new light on the complex process of buying political influence in everyday politics and help explain why only relatively few firms do actually attempt to influence policymaking. 相似文献
69.
The Silence of the Lambdas: Deterring Incapacitation Research 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This essay provides an economist’s perspective on criminological research into incapacitation effects on crime. Our central
argument is that criminologists would do well to substantially scale back the enterprise of trying to estimate the various
behavioral parameters central to a micro-level approach to measuring incapacitation effects, including the annual rate of
offending outside of prison (λ) and the lengths of criminal careers. One problem with this line of research is practical:
for example, mean estimates of self-reported criminal activity by incarcerated prisoners are quite sensitive to reports by
the most criminally active offenders. But the larger concern is conceptual—the incapacitation effects from a given change
in sentencing policy may be undermined by the possibility of replacement effects, and at the same time omit other benefits
that may arise from deterrent effects on crime. A more promising approach is to identify plausibly exogenous changes in sentencing
policy in order to estimate the net impact on crime from the combined effects of incapacitation, deterrence and replacement.
相似文献
Jens LudwigEmail: |
70.
Most itemized tax exemptions lead to significant deductions for a minority of the population only. This raises the question why the majority does not vote for the abolition of these tax privileges in exchange for lower tax rates. In this paper we show that a reform proposal may be voted down, even when the majority uses the exemption at stake below the average. Turning to an empirical application, we simulate the voting outcome on the proposal to abolish the tax deductibility of commuting expenses in Germany. Our model predicts that this proposal would be rejected, even though a comfortable majority has below-average deductions. 相似文献