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951.
John Flood 《Law & social inquiry》1981,6(2):377-405
The accomplishments of empirical research are often presented in a context that fails to show the process by which the results came about. This article examines the problems, hitches, and struggles encountered in a research project carried out on the English bar. And emphasis is given to the difficulty of tackling hitherto unexplored occupations that have had a long history of resisting research. 相似文献
952.
Given that the disposition of patrol officers significantly affect the implementation of policy, the attitudes of patrolmen toward utilization of civilian personnel in two department differing in their rate of civilianization, were compared in this study. Based on a random sample, consisting of approximately 25% of the patrolmen from each department, attitudes toward each of three examined aspects of civilianzation were more positive among officers from the more civilianized department. After controlling for socioeconomic variables, it was also determined that younger, more educated and less experienced patrolmen, respectively, held motte positive belief about civilian usage. 相似文献
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956.
Because of difficulties collecting sales taxes on Internet sales, several states have engaged in an effort (the Streamlined Sales Tax Project, SSTP) to simplify their sales tax systems. One hope among SSTP proponents is that a simplified system will result in Internet vendors voluntarily collecting the sales tax. We address two issues:
- ? Will states adopt the extensive reforms proposed by the SSTP?
- ? Will vendors voluntarily collect the sales tax?
957.
Robert J. Sampson John H. Laub Elaine P. Eggleston 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2004,20(1):37-42
In response to Nagin's comment on our paper, Methodological Sensitivities to Latent Class Analysis of Long-Term Criminal Trajectories, we reconsider the robustness and validity of group-based approaches to criminal trajectories and introduce additional issues for future research. We emphasize the limitations of typological approaches and the dangers of reifying the idea of distinct offender groupings for research and policy. We also clarify misunderstandings about the use of hierarchical linear models for studying trajectories of crime. Our basic conclusion is that methods in criminology need to be more tightly linked with theory. 相似文献
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959.
Casalino LP 《Journal of health politics, policy and law》2004,29(4-5):869-83; discussion 1005-19
960.
The recent decline, indeed perhaps dismantling, of managed care is sometimes treated as both consequence and cause of the political reempowerment of medical providers, whose professional dominance managed care had challenged. Drawing evidence from Round III of the Community Tracking Study of the Center for Studying Health System Change, this article reviews the politics of four "arenas" of managed care regulation--prompt payment, mandated benefits, external appeals, and financial solvency--and concludes that the power of providers is contingent on patterns of coalition and conflict that differ across the discrete arenas. The zero-sum connotations of the "de" and "re" empowerment of providers under managed care fail to capture the subtlety of providers' search for fresh cultural, economic, and political resources in shifting policy contexts. 相似文献