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871.
Eva G. T. Green Lotte Thomsen Jim Sidanius Christian Staerklé Polina Potanina 《Social Justice Research》2009,22(4):416-436
Across two studies, we demonstrated that support for group-based hierarchies differentially affects evaluation of ingroup
and outgroup criminal offenders and that this effect generalizes to overall evaluations of their respective groups. Drawing
on social dominance theory, our results show that differential judgments of national ingroup and immigrant outgroup offenders
reflect hierarchy regulating strategies. Study 1 (N = 94) revealed that egalitarians (low on SDO) were more lenient toward outgroup offenders and their ethnic group (Arab immigrants)
when compared to ingroup offenders and their national group (Swiss citizens). The opposite was true for social dominators
(high on SDO). Study 2 (N = 88) replicated the results of Study 1 and further demonstrated that the socio-economic status of the perpetrator did not
affect perpetrator group evaluations suggesting that the arbitrary sets of ethnicity or nationality, not education level and
employment status, were the important cues for hierarchy-regulating judgments of criminal offenders. 相似文献
872.
Gary E. Marché 《Crime, Law and Social Change》2009,51(5):463-486
Building on Klockars et. al. (2000) analysis of survey data on police agency integrity, this analysis develops an economic model of police corruption within
police agencies. Empirical estimates of the economic model are consistent with Klockars et. al. (2000) in that there is no evidence to support the traditional theory that police agency corruption is attributable to the “individual
bad-apple.” Independent of other factors, the present analysis shows that police culture fosters corruption. Furthermore,
the present analysis shows that incentive structures within police agencies increase the problem of corruption as the scale
of police agency operation increases. Policies that would promote higher levels of integrity are considered. 相似文献
873.
José de Sousa e Brito 《International Journal for the Semiotics of Law》2009,22(4):387-398
Does Duncan Kennedy successfully cannibalize jurisprudence? He attempts to do it by demonstrating the inexistence of rightness in legal argumentation. If there is no right legal argument, then there is no right answer in adjudication, adjudication is not a rational enterprise and legal doctrine cannot be said to be a science. It can be shown that skepticism is self-defeating. Duncan Kennedy can avoid self defeat only because he actually believes in a lot of legal arguments. His thesis that judges decide questions of policy without any methodology that distinguishes them from legislators does not hold. Judicial reasoning is subject to constraints that do not affect legislators. It must be based on the sources of law and is limited by rules of procedure. Even when the judges have ‘interstitial’ legislative powers they are, unlike the legislator, bound to fit the system and their decisions are considered in procedure from the perspective of the right answer doctrine. The only work that can convincingly refute the skeptic argument against legal science is the reconstruction of jurisprudence as a scientific enterprise. Such work is beyond the scope of any single paper. The article aims to give some inspirations for such a task. 相似文献
874.
Pedro Esteban Moncarz Sebastián Freille Alberto José Figueras Nestor Clever Grión 《Regional & Federal Studies》2017,27(4):359-392
The effect of changes in the distribution of top-to-bottom intergovernmental transfers on the location of manufacturing production is analysed using a modified version of the footloose capital model. An increase in the share of transfers received by a region increases its share of manufacturing production the larger are transaction costs; the larger is the share of transfers going directly to consumers; the larger is the share of manufacturing consumption vis-à-vis non-tradable consumption; and the easier consumers can substitute among manufacturing varieties. Using data for Argentina for 1983-2005, the empirical analysis appears to support the existence of two distinctive regimes, with smaller/poorer provinces benefiting in terms of the location of manufacturing production as a response to an increase in transfers. Also, for these provinces, the benefits are greater if they are politically aligned with the federal government, especially through the receipt of discretionary transfers. For large/rich provinces, the evidence is less conclusive. 相似文献
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Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham Marianne Dahl Anne Frugé 《American journal of political science》2017,61(3):591-605
Why do organizations choose to use nonviolence? Why do they choose specific nonviolent tactics? Existing quantitative work centers on mass nonviolent campaign, but much of the nonviolence employed in contentious politics is smaller‐scale nonviolent direct action. In this article, we explore the determinants of nonviolence with new data at the organization level in self‐determination disputes from 1960 to 2005. We present a novel argument about the interdependence of tactical choices among nonviolent options in self‐determination movements. Given limitations on their capabilities, competition among organizations in a shared movement, and different resource requirements for nonviolent strategies, we show that organizations have incentives to diversify tactics rather than just copy other organizations. The empirical analysis reveals a rich picture of varied organizational resistance choices, and a complex web of interdependence among tactics. 相似文献
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