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971.
Peter Rackow 《Criminal Law Forum》2007,18(1):175-183
972.
James C. Spilsbury Lara Belliston Dennis Drotar Allyson Drinkard Jeff Kretschmar Rosemary Creeden Daniel J. Flannery Steve Friedman 《Journal of family violence》2007,22(6):487-499
This study assessed the associations of characteristics of domestic violence incidents with clinically significant levels
of traumatic symptoms and behavioral problems in a socio-economically and ethnically mixed sample of 687 children participating
in a community-service program for children witnessing violence. Study predictors included child/family demographic characteristics,
type and chronicity of exposure, and child’s perceptions of control over the event and threat to personal safety. Outcomes
consisted of traumatic symptoms and behavior problems. Results showed that perceived threat and control were associated with
greater odds of clinically significant levels of several trauma symptoms (and behavior problems in the case of perceived threat)
after adjusting for effects of demographic factors and violence characteristics. Child co-victimization increased odds of
reaching clinically significant levels of traumatic symptoms compared to children who witnessed the event but were not victimized.
Female sex and White ethnicity increased odds of specific trauma symptoms and behavior problems. Increasing age reduced odds
of some trauma symptoms. Associations between predictors and one outcome measure did not generalize across the other outcome
measure. Implications of study findings, and directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
973.
974.
Martin Guevara Urbina 《Critical Criminology》2007,15(1):41-99
With few exceptions, prior explanations of racially disparate punishment have followed a dichotomous approach (i.e., African
American versus Caucasian), due in part to the limitations of existing data. Researchers have either excluded Latino/a, defendants
or treated them as a monolithic group. Consequently, there is not much on Latinos/as, whose experiences with the criminal
and juvenile justice systems differ from those of African American and Caucasian. This article expands on current literature
by providing a thorough overview of existing literature on Latino/as. It critiques this body of literature and lists ten common
methodological flaws that may contribute to findings of equal treatment. Finally, it provides a concise summary of the main
subgroups within the umbrella term ‘Latino/a’ to highlight the heterogeneity within this classification. 相似文献
975.
976.
977.
978.
Recent interest in the construct of motivation to change among male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) has led
to development of two self-report measures of this construct: the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment for Domestic
Violence (URICA-DV; Levesque et al. 2000) and the Safe at Home Inventory (SAH; Begun et al. 2003). We examined the internal
structure of these instruments using confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses in a sample of 199 male IPV perpetrators
waiting to begin court-mandated batterer intervention programs. Results indicated that the scales had adequate internal consistency.
However, using confirmatory factor analyses, the hypothesized structural models of each instrument fit the data poorly. Subsequent
models suggested by a series of exploratory factor analyses failed to improve model fit substantially for both scales. For
the URICA-DV, a 3-factor model including items from the Precontemplation, Contemplation, and Action subscales fit the data
adequately. No acceptable model fit could be found for the SAH. Intercorrelations among similar subscales across the two inventories
suggested only a modest degree of intercorrelation (r’s = 0.16–0.52), and a factor structure more dependent on scale of origin than item latent content, suggesting that the scales
assess different facets of the readiness to change construct. These results suggest that before the stages of change construct
can be fully applied to the IPV area, more research and evaluation are needed on how to accurately assess abuser readiness
to change. 相似文献
979.
980.
Judith A. Ryder 《Critical Criminology》2007,15(1):19-40
This study analyzes the role of trauma and disrupted attachments in the development of adolescent girls’ violent behavior.
A grounded theory approach was applied to the narratives of 24 young women (age 13–16 years old) who were adjudicated and
remanded to custody for an assault or robbery. Three types of loss were inductively derived from the data (death of a loved
one, physical absence, and psychological unavailability) as were two categories of violence (in the home and in the community).
Findings suggest that extensive losses and violent experiences disrupted the young women’s attachment to their caregivers,
and these experiences were disregarded or inadequately addressed. Detachment and the absence of supportive others left the
young women poised to engage in a variety of maladaptive behaviors including violence. Theoretical and programmatic implications
are discussed. 相似文献