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The global commons are traditionally connected to ‘those parts of the planet that fall outside national jurisdictions and to which all nations have access’ such as the high seas, outer space, and the deep seabed. However, there is a trend to expand the reach of commons beyond the traditional perception to cover the environment and natural resources that are of common interest to the well-being of the community of nations, regardless of the sovereignty status over such environment and resources. In this context, this article aims to explore the interlinkage between the concept of (global) commons and disputed marine areas from the perspective of international law, which hitherto has been little explored in literature. In particular, this article discusses the applicability of the concept of commons to disputed marine areas by examining the changing relationship between commons and sovereignty over time. Through a comparative analysis of various legal regimes associated with the well-accepted commons in international law (i.e. the high seas, outer space, the deep seabed, Antarctica) as well as the climate system and biological diversity, the article concludes that a certain space or resource, irrespective of its sovereignty status, including a disputed marine area, can be protected as commons in view of the interdependence of ecological systems. It further analyzes the added values that the concept of commons can bring in addition to the existing regulatory framework governing disputed marine areas.
相似文献Our planet is wimessing the onset of a new stage in globalization, multipolarity and IT application. As a result of this, a fresh reshuffle is underway, coupled with the shifting sands of geo-politics and geo-economics. This has led to major challenges in the established international system and world order.1 The same is also true for the regional picture. Indeed, the turmoil in Ukraine, the unrelenting crisis in the Middle East, and the vortex in the Asia-Pacific, have led to unusual activity in the three blocks of Europe, the Middle East and the Pacific. Under the disguise of an apparent absence of interconnectivity, in-depth interactions are actually at work between them on the question of the future peace and stability of the international community as a whole. 相似文献
In recent years, the Asia-Pacific strategic configuration has entered a stare of in-depth readiustments. The relative decline of the United States,China's rapid rise, Russia's fast revival and Japan's quickening step toward a "normal country" have combined to turn regional multi-polarity into a reality. Not surprisingly, the world' s strategic structure has begun to focus on the region, with intensifying rivalry among major countries centered on economic competition and aggravating geopolitical game conducive to a security dilemma. As a matter of fact, U.S.-Japanese provocations have been at work in tuming regional hotspot issues into tools for such a game. As a result, escalating security threats to China in the East and South China Seas are converging into potential risks of collision and conflicts with other contenders. 相似文献