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201.
202.
Purpose
Using a General Strain Theory (GST) framework, this study examines the role of various strains on officers’ organizational commitment to their agencies. In addition, the mediating effect of negative affect is investigated.Methods
A total of 180 law enforcement personnel from multiple agencies in the Northern Kentucky area were surveyed.Results
Two strains, the failure to achieve positively valued goals and the removal positively valued stimuli, significantly predicted greater negative affect. Negative affect did not serve as a mediating variable between strain and officers’ commitment to the department. The failure to achieve positively valued goals, the removal of positive stimuli, and the two measures of presentation of noxious stimuli all significantly and directly influenced an officer's commitment to the agency after controlling for negative affect.Conclusions
GST is a viable theoretical framework in which to study organizational commitment among police officers as various strains have been shown to result in officers being less committed to their police agencies. Consequently, policies that attempt to alleviate those strains or stressors commonly faced by officers can increase the dedication and possibly the job performance of America's law enforcement officials. 相似文献203.
Kothari CL Rhodes KV Wiley JA Fink J Overholt S Dichter ME Marcus SC Cerulli C 《Journal of interpersonal violence》2012,27(14):2845-2868
The objective of this study was to measure the efficacy of protection orders (POs) in reducing assault and injury-related outcomes using a matched comparison group and tracking outcomes over time. This study was a retrospective review of police, emergency department, family court, and prosecutor administrative records for a cohort of police-involved female IPV victims; all events over a 4-year study period were abstracted. Victims who obtained POs were compared with a propensity-score-based match group without POs over three time periods: Before, During, and After the issuance of a PO. Having a PO in place was associated with significantly more calls to police for nonassaultive incidents and more police charging requests that were of multiple-count and felony-level. Comparing outcomes, PO victims had police incident rates that were more than double the matched group prior to the PO but dropped to the level of the matched group during and after the order. ED visits dropped over time for both groups. This study confirmed the protective effect of POs, which are associated with reduced police incidents and emergency department visits both during and after the order and reduced police incidents compared with a matched comparison group. 相似文献
204.
Karin V. Rhodes Catherine Cerulli Melissa E. Dichter Catherine L. Kothari Frances K. Barg 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(5):485-493
For mothers, intimate partner violence (IPV) presents a concern not only for their own well-being but also for that of their
children who are exposed to the violence and its aftermath. In focus groups with adult women (N = 39) across three jurisdictions who had experienced legal system intervention for IPV victimization, mothers raised unsolicited
concerns about the negative effects of IPV exposure on their children. These comments were not prompted by the facilitator
but were raised by women in all seven of the focus groups during discussions about motivations and barriers to participation
in prosecution of their abusive partners. The overall message was that victims with children felt very conflicted. Children
both facilitate and inhibit leaving the abusive relationship. Mothers wanted to spare their children from harmful effects
of violence but also wanted to keep their families together and protect their children from potential agitation and instability
caused by legal system involvement. Participants described how fears and threats of involvement from child protective services
inhibited help-seeking while simultaneously voicing a desire for services that would help their children. More research is
needed to help service providers understand the quagmire mothers who are victims of IPV encounter regarding their children’s
wellbeing. 相似文献
205.
Joseph L. Flanders Melissa Simard Daniel Paquette Sophie Parent Frank Vitaro Robert O. Pihl Jean R. Séguin 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(4):357-367
This is a follow-up to a study demonstrating that rough-and-tumble play was related to physical aggression in the preschool
years. Fathers reported on the frequency of father-child rough-and-tumble play interactions, and the degree to which fathers
were dominant in the play dyad was observed and coded from play interactions. In this follow-up study, school-aged children’s
physically aggressive behaviors and emotion regulation abilities were assessed with questionnaires 5 years later. Higher frequencies
of father-child rough-and-tumble play in the preschool years were associated with more physical aggression and worse emotion
regulation 5 years later for children whose fathers were less dominant, over and above the effects of physical aggression
in the preschool years. Rough-and-tumble play was unrelated to these measures among children whose fathers were more dominant
during play. This study shows that early rough-and-tumble play continues to be related to children’s psychosocial adjustment
over time, and that the effect remains moderated by the quality of the father-child relationship during play. 相似文献
206.
Melissa Labriola Michael Rempel Amanda Cissner 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2010,6(4):447-473
Randomized trials represent the most rigorous type of research design to measure the impact of a social policy intervention.
However, such designs are difficult to implement and require the consent of multiple parties, including researchers and non-researchers.
Unique challenges arise when seeking to implement such a design in a criminal court setting, due to the need to revise legal
procedures, uphold due process for defendants, and obtain the direct, ongoing participation of judges and attorneys, among
other stakeholders. The current principals recently conducted two randomized trials concerning the court response to intimate
partner violence: one testing the impact of court-ordered batterer programs in the Bronx, New York, and a second testing the
impact of intensive judicial monitoring in Rochester, New York. Key lessons involved forging collaborative stakeholder relationships,
critically assessing the experimental intervention and its contrast with the control condition, ensuring legal due process
for defendants, addressing victim safety, setting realistic timetables, adopting a skeptical view towards estimates of study
volume, and anticipating substantial variation from original design to final plan, especially in regards to randomization
protocols and defendant eligibility criteria. These lessons may prove invaluable in informing future research in court-based
and other social settings where random assignment is pursued. 相似文献
207.
National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges Passes a Set of Practice Reform Resolutions 下载免费PDF全文
Melissa Sickmund PhD 《Juvenile & family court journal》2017,68(4):43-47
The National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges (NCJFCJ) recently passed resolutions and policy statements on how to improve the lives of youth and families involved with juvenile or family courts. These resolutions address the needs of homeless youth and their families, juvenile probation and adolescent development, and the need for independent oversight of youth confinement facilities. 相似文献
208.
Melissa Thompson M.B. B.S. Neil E.I. Langlois M.D. Roger W. Byard M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(5):1220-1222
Following the death of a woman with blunt force chest trauma, the question was asked how common was the finding at autopsy of a flail chest in decedents after failed cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It was suggested in court that this was an uncommon occurrence. To address this issue, autopsy cases in adults (>18 years) with rib fractures attributable to cardiopulmonary resuscitation were taken from the files of Forensic Science SA over a 7‐year period from 2008 to 2014. Flail chest injuries were defined as those arising from fractures at two sites in at least three consecutive ribs. From 236 cases with rib fractures attributed to resuscitation, a total of 43 flail chest injuries were found in 35 cases (14.8%). The majority occurred in the 60‐79‐year‐old age group. These data suggest that flail chest injuries are a more common sequelae of cardiopulmonary resuscitation than has been previously appreciated in autopsy cases, particularly in the elderly. 相似文献
209.
Kimberley G. Zorn Melissa Anne Wuerch Nichole Faller Mary Rucklos Hampton 《Journal of family violence》2017,32(6):633-644
Few studies have examined the impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) within rural and northern communities. The current study addressed gaps within the literature by gathering perspectives from community service providers and academic researchers in order to increase understanding about the unique needs of IPV survivors within geographically diverse regions. Interviews were conducted with ten participants from Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Alberta, and Northwest Territories. Interviews focused on the unique needs of IPV survivors within each region, gaps that exist in meeting those needs, as well as questions pertaining to a larger research study entitled, Rural and Northern Community Response to Intimate Partner Violence. Results revealed several core themes relating to the unique challenges faced by IPV survivors within each region, as well as barriers to accessing services within rural and remote communities. Results also highlighted important considerations for future researchers, such as challenges that can arise when conducting research within geographically remote locations. Findings may help inform future development and implementation of services for IPV survivors residing in geographically diverse locations across Canada. 相似文献
210.
Melissa A. Logue 《Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice》2017,15(4):307-329
The present study analyzes Latino drug offenders sentenced in U.S. federal courts from 2006–2014 in order to assess whether any family ties effects were contingent on offenders’ citizenship status. The findings indicate that citizenship status conditions the influence of family ties on the decision to grant downward departures, but not the decision on the magnitude of the discount granted. The findings indicate the importance of conducting intra-ethnic examinations of sentencing outcomes for Latinos rather than assuming parity in treatment and solely comparing them to other groups. 相似文献