企业的商法意义及“企业进入商法”的新趋势

目前,有些国家和地区已废弃了传统商法典,转而制定了企业法典,降低乃至废弃了"商人"和"商行为"在传统商法中的支配地位。新型商法体系冲击了传统商法的理论基础。在我国,部分商法学者注意到"商法企业法化"的现象,主张应在"企业"的基础上整合现有的商法规范和体系。然而,对于境外商法上的"企业",多数国内学者存在误解,主要是忽视了主体性企业和客体性企业之间的差异,从而未能准确把握"商法企业法化"的本质。我国现有商法未采用"商人"和"商行为"的概念,商法学术界却坚持将"商人"和"商行为"做为商法基础概念,这使得我国商法理论基础和发展方向不很明确。应该在厘清相关法律术语含义的前提下,采用"企业"或"主体性企业"以及对应的其他范畴,这样可以发展出适合我国国情的新型商法模式。     

基于模糊影响因素的台湾人口死亡率估计

本文基于1981--2010年台湾人口死亡率数据,对人口死亡率估计模型进行深层次分析。研究发现：（1）1—100岁之间各年龄组别中心死亡率与时间因素存在显著负相关;45岁以后,时间对各年龄组别中心死亡率的影响程度形成“矿’字型。（2）不同年龄组和不同时间段之间过渡时所呈现的“亦此亦彼”性,即模糊性,对死亡率的影响在现有的死亡率估计模型中常被忽视。（3）死亡率的不确定性主要源自模糊不确定性,本文构建的死亡率模糊模型可以提高死亡率估计精度。     

陪审制的分权机制与证据法的发展

针对我国人民陪审员制目前面临的“陪而不审”、“审而不议”之晋遍困境,本文探讨了西方国家陪审制产生和发展的过程,认识到“分权是陪审制成长的基本条件”;详细探讨了我国“陪而不审”、“审而不议”现象的主要形态,指出没有实行分权是造成这种困窘局面的根源;讨论了正在兴起的河南人民陪审圆制度的进步意义与局限性;主张我国应当建立以分权为首要特征的人民陪审员制度,为此需要立法机关制定有关陪审团如何与法官分享裁判权的制度,其中最关键的是制定证据法和陪审团法。     

The forensic evaluation of dental injuries in Istanbul, Turkey

When a person is wounded in Turkey, he first attends hospital for treatment. The hospital is responsible for a report describing his injuries and their treatment and prognosis. The patient is then scanned by a specialist in forensic medicine who provides a final official report. In that report the lesions, the prognosis (including whether the injuries are life threatening or not) and the projected days away from daily activity are shown. In this study 18,317 cases which were examined in the second and the third Specialization Board of the Council of Forensic Medicine during 1996 were analyzed. Among them 112 cases were dental injuries. Dental injuries are reviewed according to their sex, causation, detail of injury, and they are compared to other studies.     

当前我国营养医师处方权范围问题研究

营养医师是临床上为住院患者开展营养咨询、诊断、监测、调配饮食并协助临床疾病治疗的营养科在职医师。营养医师作为"医师"本应拥有营养药品处方权,但实践中由于营养医师的类型不同,导致了相应处方权范围的差异。为更好地服务临床,建议设置过渡期、严格营养医师转岗条件,修改临床营养师考试内容,在临床医学和中医学下开设营养学专业。     

提高公安院校思政课教学实效性初探

在国际国内形势和公安工作变化的新形势下,本文针对新时期公安院校大学生的思想特点,结合公安院校思想政治理论课教育教学现状,探寻提高公安院校思想政治理论课教学实效性的现实路径。通过对公安院校思想政治理论课教学所面临的新情况、新挑战的分析,提出有效对策和解决方案,不断增强公安院校的思想政治理论课教育和教学的实效性,以便实现公安院校思想政治理论课真正的"入脑、入心",对做好培养预备役警察思想政治教育工作,发挥思想政治理论课在公安人才培养中的价值具有极其重要和深刻的意义。     

共青团干部的政治技能及其相关研究——基于318名团干部的实证调查

政治技能作为一种以理解模式为基础的社会能力,体现了认知、情感和行为表现的综合能力。通过对团干部的实证研究而得的结论和启示有:团干部对政治技能的认知明显、学习意愿强烈,但政治技能行为水平有待提高;团干部的政治技能思维结构平均值由高到低依次为人际影响、外显真诚、社会机敏和网络能力,其中网络能力和人际互动影响对政治技能水平的提升作用更大;团干部的政治技能与工作绩效之间具有正向相关性等。     

Age assessment by rib phase analysis in Turks

The I?can's phase method for the estimation of adult age at death from the sternal extremity of the fourth rib was introduced in 1983. Over the years, numerous tests have confirmed the reliability of this technique on varied samples. However, no large scale study has been conducted to test the application of this method on a modern white sample geographically, genetically, and culturally diverse from the American white database. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to apply rib phase standards to a Turkish sample to test if the progression of morphological changes follow the same age sequence. Using a sample of 150 males and 144 females of known age at death, each rib was phased using the standards developed by I?can and associates in 1984 and 1985. The phase estimations were then subject to an analysis of variance. The results of the study indicated that Turkish ribs show the same morphological characteristics that define the phases at nearly identical ages. Variation as measured by the standard deviation increased from phase 5 on in both sexes. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the rib phase standards can be accurately applied to Turks. Investigations of this nature are vital because one cannot assume that a method developed from one group is applicable to a distant population, especially in medicolegal proceedings.