全文获取类型
收费全文 | 17609篇 |
免费 | 1237篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 712篇 |
工人农民 | 847篇 |
世界政治 | 1154篇 |
外交国际关系 | 549篇 |
法律 | 12343篇 |
中国共产党 | 2篇 |
中国政治 | 108篇 |
政治理论 | 3037篇 |
综合类 | 94篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 78篇 |
2021年 | 90篇 |
2020年 | 431篇 |
2019年 | 454篇 |
2018年 | 573篇 |
2017年 | 592篇 |
2016年 | 670篇 |
2015年 | 514篇 |
2014年 | 541篇 |
2013年 | 1846篇 |
2012年 | 495篇 |
2011年 | 508篇 |
2010年 | 535篇 |
2009年 | 564篇 |
2008年 | 517篇 |
2007年 | 514篇 |
2006年 | 526篇 |
2005年 | 446篇 |
2004年 | 440篇 |
2003年 | 359篇 |
2002年 | 406篇 |
2001年 | 676篇 |
2000年 | 613篇 |
1999年 | 484篇 |
1998年 | 239篇 |
1997年 | 173篇 |
1996年 | 194篇 |
1995年 | 195篇 |
1994年 | 175篇 |
1993年 | 179篇 |
1992年 | 305篇 |
1991年 | 315篇 |
1990年 | 298篇 |
1989年 | 284篇 |
1988年 | 312篇 |
1987年 | 265篇 |
1986年 | 325篇 |
1985年 | 316篇 |
1984年 | 250篇 |
1983年 | 229篇 |
1982年 | 179篇 |
1981年 | 155篇 |
1980年 | 145篇 |
1979年 | 221篇 |
1978年 | 117篇 |
1977年 | 91篇 |
1975年 | 95篇 |
1974年 | 124篇 |
1973年 | 79篇 |
1972年 | 78篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
111.
U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall offered his opinion regarding the utility of public opinion polls as a tool for assessing the “evolving standards of decency” regarding capital punishment. His arguments became known as the Marshall hypotheses and spawned a considerable body of empirical testing. The three Marshall hypotheses are: (1) support for capital punishment is inversely associated with knowledge about it, (2) exposure to information about capital punishment produces sentiments in opposition to capital punishment, but (3) exposure to information about capital punishment will have no impact on those who support it for retributive reasons. The results of previous tests of these hypotheses were somewhat mixed but supportive. None of these studies, however, examined the effects of change in knowledge levels with changes, if any, in death penalty attitudes and beliefs as needed for a more complete test of the Marshall hypotheses. The present study addressed this shortcoming. The results provided mixed support for these three hypotheses. That is, death penalty supporters were somewhat less informed than death penalty opponents; exposure to death penalty information and knowledge gains tended to be associated with attitudinal change in a directions suggested by these hypotheses; but, retributivists' attitudes toward and beliefs about capital punishment were not any more resistant to change than were the attitudes and beliefs of non-retributivists. 相似文献
112.
Silvina J. Vilas-Ghiso Diana M. Liverman 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2007,7(2):137-169
More than a decade after NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) entered into force, the environmental effects of agricultural
trade liberalization in Mexico are still controversial, emerging, and not fully understood. This paper contributes to the
literature that aims to explore trends in input use in the agricultural sector in Mexico during the post-NAFTA period among
both commercial/industrial and traditional/rainfed farmers, and examines the influence of the national and multilateral institutional
framework on these outcomes. We decompose the post-NAFTA agricultural production data into scale, technique and composition
effects to estimate the impact that trade liberalization has had on the use of fertilizer and land use, two key agricultural
inputs for which reliable aggregate data is available. We conclude that among commercial farmers patterns of crop type specialization
and significant technological improvements have led to some declines in fertilizer use but they have been offset by growth
in fertilizer use associated with growing agricultural output. Among traditional farmers increased output and specialization
in land-intensive grain crops are contributing to an increase in land under cultivation and technological improvements show
the potential, but not yet not the strength, to counteract these effects. We analyse the environmental institutional framework
and rural development plans, observing that institutional weaknesses have, in several instances, reduced the environmental
benefit of technique and composition effects. We conclude with recommendations about how the Mexican agricultural sector might
reap the environmental benefits of international agricultural trade. 相似文献
113.
Doris Layton MacKenzie David Bierie Ojmarrh Mitchell 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2007,3(3):221-246
Two hundred thirty four adult male inmates entering prison were randomly assigned to an early release program in either a correctional boot camp or a large, traditional prison in the Maryland state correctional system. Boot camp releasees had marginally lower recidivism compared to those released from the traditional prison. A pre-test, post-test self report survey indicated the boot camp program had little impact on criminogenic characteristics except for a lowering of self control. In contrast, inmates in prison became more antisocial, lower in self control, worse in anger management, and reported more criminal tendencies by the end of their time in prison. Criminogenic attitudes and impulses were significantly associated with recidivism. The impact of the boot camp diminished to non-significance when antisocial attitudes or anger management problems were added to the models predicting recidivism. Implications for jurisdictions considering whether to operate correctional boot camps are discussed. 相似文献
114.
Dean G. Pruitt Robert S. Peirce Neil B. McGillicuddy Gary L. Welton Lynn M. Castrianno 《Law and human behavior》1993,17(3):313-330
This article reports the results of a study of the antecedents of long-term success in community mediation. Seventy-three mediation sessions were recorded and content analyzed. The participants were interviewed at two points: immediately after mediation and 4 to 8 months later. No relationship was found between the quality of the agreements—i.e., the extent to which they solved immediate problems- and long-term success as measured by compliance, improved relations between the parties, and the absence of new problems. On the other hand, joint problem solving by the disputants was related to complainant perceptions of improved relations with the other party. Also respondent perceptions that the mediation had been fair and that all the problems had come out were related to all aspects of long-term success in the eyes of the complainant. The latter results support a procedural justice analysis of mediation and underline the importance of mediator attention to the respondent. 相似文献
115.
116.
117.
VGH München 《Natur und Recht》2006,28(10):658-660
Keine Zusammenfassung 相似文献
118.
Muhammad M. Haj-Yahia 《Journal of family violence》2003,18(4):193-206
Despite the recent increase in public and professional interest in the problem of wife beating in Arab society, in Israel, and in the rest of the Arab world, there is a serious lack of empirical research on different dimensions of the problem in those societies. This paper presents the results of a survey conducted among a systematic random sample of 362 Arab husbands from Israel, in an attempt to examine the contribution of patriarchal ideology toward explaining their beliefs about wife beating. Although about 58% of the participants indicated that there is no excuse for a man to beat his wife, 15–62% still justified wife beating on certain occasions (e.g., adultery, failure to obey husbands, disrespect for parents and relatives). In addition, although the participants tended to perceive abusive and violent husbands as responsible for their behavior, 52% still expressed understanding of that behavior and, on some occasions, 23–43% even blamed the wife for violence against her. Regression and multiple regression analyses revealed that over and above the participants' age and level of education, their masculine sex-role stereotypes, negative and traditional attitudes toward women, nonegalitarian marital role expectations, and familial patriarchal beliefs were the most significant predictors of beliefs about wife beating. Implications of the results and limitations of the study are also discussed. 相似文献
119.
120.
A mock jury study was conducted to test the hypothesis that perceptions of a witness can be biased by presumptuous cross-examination questions. A total of 105 subjects read a rape trial in which the cross-examiner asked a question that implied something negative about the reputation of either the victim or an expert. Within each condition, the question was met with either a denial, an admission, or an objection from the witness's attorney. Results indicated that although ratings of the victim's credibility were not affected by the presumptuous question, the expert's credibility was significantly diminished—even when the question had elicited a denial or a sustained objection. Conceptual and practical implications of these findings are discussed.This research was supported by funds provided to the first author by the Bronfman Science Center. 相似文献