Implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative in Africa: A Firm-Level Study of Sub-Saharan African SMEs

Journal of Chinese Political Science - Over the past few years, the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has seen a marked increase among state-owned enterprises and large...     

The Importance of R&D for Innovation: A Reassessment Using French Survey Data

This paper compares the contribution of R&D to innovation in terms of the various innovation output measures provided by the third Community Innovation Survey (CIS 3) for French manufacturing firms and in terms of accounting for interindustry innovation differences.     

The stability of punishment: A follow-up of Blumstein's hypothesis

Because of the intrinsic relativity of social tolerance toward crime, the rate of punishment that a given society inflicts on its criminals is expected to remain relatively constant over the long term, in spite of social changes and increasing or decreasing crime rates. This paper reconstructs the penal behavior of Montreal's criminal justice from 1845 to 1913 and finds that the stability hypothesis, all things considered, works quite well and has much heuristic value. Three problems, somewhat bypassed in the existing literature, are dealt with here: the reliability of penal statistical time series, the direct empirical evidence of stabilization processes, and a rather crude way of measuring prison punishment. It is suggested, furthermore, that the stability hypothesis include in its future argument the impact of increasing policing and that it be confined tentatively to modern western societies.     

关于完善我国违宪审查制度的若干思考

违宪审查制度是指享有违宪审查权的国家机关对违反宪法的行为(包括制定违宪的法律、法规和其他违宪行为)进行合宪性审查,以确定其是否违宪的法律制度.究竟由何种机构、以何种程序来纠正违宪、追究违宪并给予相应的救济取决于一个国家的政治理念和制度安排.不可否认,我国目前违宪审查制度的实践效果并不理想.甚至有学者认为,从严格的意义上说,我国并不存在违宪审查制度.从理论和实践两个层面进行剖析,并结合国外的相关经验,对我国违宪审查制度的完善提出切实可行的建议,既是一个迫切的理论课题,也是一个迫切的实践课题.     

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