试论当代中国协商民主的成就、困境与路径

当代中国协商民主形式不断丰富,内容不断深化,主体不断扩大,场域不断拓展,同时也面临着经济因素、政治因素、文化因素、社会因素和网络技术因素的践行困境。因此,当代中国协商民主须推进制度化、多层次、多领域化、协商民主与选举民主相互促进和渐进发展。     

徘徊于矫正正义与分配正义之间——刑事被告人补偿制度之提倡

刑事司法赔偿是为了填补基于国家违法行为而发生的损害,其最初是以私法领域中的侵权行为概念与理论为参照,并建立在矫正正义思想上的制度。刑事司法补偿则是为了填补因合法司法行为所造成的公民损失,其以宪法基本人权保障的观念为根本,并且以分配正义为基本原理。刑事赔偿责任与刑事补偿责任有着不同的正当性基础。我国《国家赔偿法》第十七条第(二)、(三)项属于刑事补偿责任性质,刑事补偿责任应以被告人没有刑事责任、权利侵害以及侵害程度达到特别牺牲的逻辑递进式三要件作为成立条件。     

高校工会：转型期的诉求责难与制度改造

高校工会作为职工权益的法定"代言人",基本职责是维护广大职工的合法权益。但在国家主导下的市场化改革中,其"代言人"资格却饱受职工权益诉求的责难,并不得不接受职工群体性的民意检验。在当前国家市场化专营并未得以完成的局面下,高校工会的社会定位依然依赖于国家的观念性和制度性输出。伴随着此种转型前景的日趋明朗,尤其是高校"去行政化"的趋势,高校将来的属性可能更为类似与当前国有企业,届时高校工会的定位也将发生适应性的转变。而这一切的实现将依赖于国家对目前工会"双重受托"属性的制度改造。未来的高校工会应当成为职工权益的代言人。     

The Significant Development of the Exclusionary Rule of Illegal Evidence in China: from the Perspective of the Promulgation of “The Rule of Strict Exclusion of Illegal Evidence”

The function and value of exclusionary rule of illegal evidence lie not only in the prevention of mistrial, but also in the manifestation of procedural justice, the regulation of judicial conduct and the emphasis on the protection of human rights. The promulgation of “the rule of strict exclusion of illegal evidence” has made a positive response to the practical problems during the implementation of exclusionary rule of illegal evidence. Many provisions in this rule are much more strict than before, such as further defining the scope of illegal oral evidence, clarifying the method of excluding the repeated confessions, emphasizing the timeliness of exclusion of illegal evidence and the synchronization of supervision of investigation, attaching the importance of collection and application of process evidence, and exerting the review of the legitimacy of evidence in pre-trial conference. After the promulgation of “the rule of strict exclusion of illegal evidence”, we should continue to focus on the implementation of exclusionary rule of illegal evidence, ensuring its function of post-punishment and illegal prevention.     

Canadian prime ministers in the house of commons: Patterns of intervention

This paper explores the parliamentary activity of six Canadian prime ministers from St Laurent to Mulroney. Employing Hansard, each parliamentary utterance by a prime minister from 1949 to 1993 has been coded into one of four categories: answers to questions, speeches delivered, statements made and other interventions. Voting records have also been coded. Employing this database, the analysis compares and contrasts the prime ministers in terms of their political personalities and explores the overall scope and character of prime‐ministerial activism in the House throughout the past 40 years. Canadian profiles are compared with already existing British data in order to test generalisations concerning the diminishing presence of prime ministers in parliaments in Canada and Britain.     

担保物权人物上代位权实现程序的建构

《物权法》第174条虽规定了担保物权的物上代位性,但现行法未建立一套合理可行的担保物权人据以实现物上代位权的程序。未来我国编纂民法典时应摒弃担保物权延续说,改采法定债权质权说,明确规定担保财产灭失、毁损或被征收而产生代位物请求权时,担保物权人依法享有针对这些请求权的法定债权质权;同时,应明确规定担保人的通知义务以及代位物给付义务人(即第三债务人)查询登记簿、在给付代位物前取得担保物权人同意的义务。代位物给付义务人违反义务,侵害物上代位权而给担保物权人造成损失的,应当承担侵权赔偿责任。