司法实践中伪造、变造国家机关公文、证件、印章罪若干问题研究

我国《刑法》伪造、变造、买卖国家机关公文、证件、印章罪的描述是简单罪状,并没有就该罪的法定构成要件进行具体规定。另外,因为证件、印章与公众的社会生活息息相关,求学、入职、考试等皆有广泛的需求市场,这必然导致该罪的危害行为和表现方式多种多样,日趋复杂化,也增强了司法实践中认定的难度。我们应在充分分析本罪构成要件的理论基础上,进一步从定性和定量角度界定本罪的罪与非罪,并且结合司法实务,探讨本罪在司法实践中的难题。     

Detection of antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs in human hair

The presence of therapeutic drugs and their metabolites in the hair of psychiatric patients was investigated using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectroscopy (MS)-electron ionization (EI) and GC-MS-chemical ionization (CI). In hair samples tested from 35 subjects, carbamazepine, amitriptyline, doxepin, trihexyphenidyl, chlorpromazine, chlorprothixene, trifluoperazine, clozapine and haloperidol were detected, with maximal concentrations of 22.5, 57.7, 183.3, 15.6, 68.2, 30.0, 36.8, 59.2 and 20.1 ng/mg of hair sample, respectively. Chlorpromazine and clozapine concentrations in the hair were found to be dependent on the dosage used and their correlation coefficients were 0.8047 (P<0.001, n=16) and 0.7097 (P<0.001, n=16), respectively. Segmental analysis demonstrated that there was a correlation between the history of subject's drug exposure and the distribution of drug along the hair shaft. Our results also show that drug analysis in hair may provide useful information about drug treatment and the history of usage, and that drugs can be detected in normally kept hair for at least 16 months after intake.     

大麻的体内代谢物THC—COOH的分析

本文介绍了定性定量分析大麻的主要代谢物ＴＨＣ－ＣＯＯＨ的两种方法。所有试管硅烷化，尿样碱性水解。ＴＬＣ法快速、简便，适用于多份检材的同时定性分析，最低检测限为５０ｎｇ．采用衍生化、ＳＩＭ的ＧＣ／ＭＳ方法灵敏，选择性、专一性强．五氟丙酸酐衍生化方法线性范围为２０－２５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，最低检测限１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，变异系数为８．４％，提取回收率为５８．９％；甲基化方法线性范围１０～１００ｎｇ／ｍｌ，最低检测限５ｎｇ／ｍｌ，变异系数为５．６％，提取回收率为５３．２％．     

Tuberculous Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with Alimentary Tract Hemorrhage: A Case Report with Medico-legal Implications

An autopsy case of sudden death induced by alimentary tract hemorrhage was presented,which was caused by the unexpected rupture of clinically unrecognized tuberculous abdominal aortic aneurysm(TAAA).The initial diagnosis was made of the syndrome of coronary heart disease and hypertensive disease.The detailed autopsy showed that the alimentary tract hemorrhage was caused by a sudden rupture of the mass after posture changing was ascertained as the cause of death.The diagnosis of TAAA was determined by the autopsy findings.Analysis for the medical dispute of TAAA was described,and the difficulty of the diagnosis and medico-legal implications were also discussed.     

Acute Poisoning Types and Prevalence in Shanghai,China, from January 2010 to August 2011

In recent years, the number of cases of acute poisoning has increased in China, yet; currently, there is no detailed report published that addresses acute poisoning in the mainland of China. We collected biological samples from 466 cases of suspected acute poisoning at the hospitals in Shanghai, China, and examined them using spectroscopy, chromatography and chromatography/mass spectrometry. Of the 466 cases, 230 cases (100 men and 130 women) were positively confirmed as acute poisonings. There were 80 types of compounds identified in this study. Medications were the most frequent substances identified, and the other substances included pesticides, multiple compounds, volatile compounds, natural toxins, and others. The results of this study indicate a need for strengthening the education about and management of the rational and safe use of drugs in Shanghai.     

我国公民参与公共决策的问题探究

公民参与公共决策是公民个人或组织通过直接或间接方式影响公共政策制定的行为,其目的是实现公共资源的有效配置,达到公共利益的最大化、合理化。随着市场经济和民主政治的发展,公民主体意识、利益意识和自主意识逐渐形成,公民不再只是被动地接受政府所提供的公共产品和公共服务,还会就公共产品和服务的质量提出自己的意见或建议。公民在公共决策中的主体地位日益凸现。因此,公共决策中的公民参与已成为政府和公民普遍关注的问题。本文探讨了我国公民参与公共决策的必要性,分析了公民参与公共决策所面临的问题与困境,并提出一些建议和措施,旨在为公民参与公共决策提供借鉴。     

马克思"人的解放"的辩证解读

人的解放是马克思全部思想的宗旨.消除对人的解放的形而上学的种种错误理解,就要以辩证的态度来把握人的解放的内涵.在马克思看来,人的解放是一个极其艰难而漫长的过程.正是在这个过程中,人的解放展现了自身发展的辩证性:人的解放与社会进步的统一、无产阶级解放与人类解放的统一、崇高理想与现实运动的统一、统一性与多样性的统一.     

社会转型期公共服务的目标、挑战和发展措施

当前我国社会转型期公共服务的目标是符合国情、比较完整、覆盖广泛、可持续性、政府保障和均等化,实践上面临着供给不足、结构失衡、机制不健全等巨大挑战,必须贯彻落实全面改革与科学发展观,树立正确的政绩观;推进以改善民生为重点的社会建设;构建新型服务型政府和创新公共服务供给流程。     

论海盗的国际法律地位——兼论打击海盗国际行动中对海盗合法权益的保护

对海盗进行武力打击不仅具有习惯国家法、海洋法上的依据,还是行使自卫权的正义之举。国际社会在对海盗进行武力打击的同时,也应注重对其合法权益的保护。武力打击海盗行为应符合必要性、相称性、限制性、区分性原则。被拘禁或羁押期间的海盗不仅享有国际人权法的一般保护,还应受到日内瓦第四公约的保护。     

Trends and pattern of drug abuse deaths in Maryland teenagers

The Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of Maryland recorded a total of 149 drug abuse deaths of teenagers aged 13-19 years between 1991 and 2006. Of these deaths, 96 (64.4%) were caused by the use of narcotic drugs only, 29 (19.5%) by both narcotics and cocaine, four (2.7%) by both narcotics and methylenedioxymethamphetamine, six (4.0%) by cocaine only, and 14 (9.4%) by volatile substances (e.g., butane, Freon, nitrous oxide, and propane). The annual death rate from drug abuse for teenagers increased from 1.4 deaths per 100,000 population in 1991 to 2.7 deaths per 100,000 population in 2006 (chi-square test for time trend, p<0.01). The increase in teenager drug abuse deaths occurred in 1999 and since has remained at a higher rate. Further analysis revealed that the increase in drug abuse deaths was attributable to a large degree to narcotic drugs, particularly heroin/morphine and methadone, and was confined to teenagers residing in the suburban and rural areas.