THE JUSTICE SYSTEM AND SENTENCING The Importance of Race in the Military

Data on incarcerated Navy and Marine Corps personnel are examined to determine the impact of offender's race on sentence length. The literature on sentencing in the civilian sector has long suggested that under certain circumstances blacks (or whites) receive unjustifiably long sentences. It is argued here that much of the variation in senate is due not just to characteristics of the offender, but also to characteristics of the sentencing process. The military forms a more state sentencing environment than the civilian setting; hence one should expect less variation due to the sentencing process. Analysis revealed that blacks and whites showed no statistically significant differences in sentence length, in both the Navy and Marine Corps. When small differences did exist. whites were usually recipients of the longer sentences.     

加快我国农业科技发展初探

我国农业科技水平距世界先进国家尚有不少差距.针对存在的问题及其深层原因,要从转变政府职能,建立健全农技推广服务体系,选择农业科技革命战略,确定优先项目等方面入手,抓住机遇,迎头赶上,使农业科技跃上新台阶.     

重构我国行政诉讼类型之设想

行政诉讼类型化是20世纪以来各国行政诉讼制度发展的共同趋势之一。行政诉讼的类型化有助于公民诉权的切实维护和行政法治进程的推进,因而是一国行政诉讼制度变革的核心问题。我国的行政诉讼类型比较单一,难以回应司法实践的需求。为此,必须在借鉴域外经验和关照社会现实的基础之上,重新构建我国行政诉讼的基本类型。     

Forensic age diagnostics of living people undergoing criminal proceedings

In the German-speaking area, recent years have seen a rapid growth of the need for forensic age estimations. Such need arises, for example, if no verified information on the age of a person suspected of a criminal offence is available; the issue at question in terms of criminal law is whether the person concerned has reached the age of criminal responsibility and whether general criminal law in force for adults is to be applied. The relevant age tresholds in criminal proceedings are 14, 18 and 21 years of age. According to recommendations of the Study Group on Forensic Age Diagnostics, a forensic age estimate should consist of a physical examination, an X-ray of the hand, and a dental examination which records dentition status and evaluates an orthopantomogram. In addition, a radiological or CT examination of the clavicles is recommended to establish whether a person has attained 21 years of age. The present article addresses the influence of ethnic origin on the examined developmental systems.