菲律宾:马科斯往何处去?

本文付印时,人们将迎来和送走1973年的最后一天,费迪南德·马科斯总统作为菲律宾第六任总统的任期至此将告结束,他将安然无恙吗?假如人们仅仅用菲律宾人通常在新年放的焰火来迎送这一天,那末,马科斯就将宣称,人民再次对他的掌权和“新社     

侦讯时使用录音的技巧

<正> 侦讯过程中使用审讯录音的技巧,在很大程度上取决于审讯的性质以及录音和播放录音的技巧。审讯时使用录音有个很大的好处,就是能把被审讯者的供词和回答方式最完整地记录下来。因为使用了录音,被审讯者就不再担心记录时漏掉什么重要情况了,再说,也不必在审讯过程中作什么草记了。而且,甚至进行长时间的审讯,也不必为了记录(即便是草记)供词     

A comparative study of young and adult deliberate self-harm patients

Research has shown that the prevalence of deliberate self-harm (DSH) is higher in adolescents than in adults, but little is known about other differences. In this study we compare adolescent and adult DSH-patients regarding factors contributing to the suicidal act. In two regions in Norway, 98 persons under 20 years of age and 83 older persons were interviewed following an act of DSH. They were compared regarding intentions involved in the DSH, precipitating circumstances, level of suicidal intent, medical seriousness of the act, depression, hopelessness, and self-esteem. Few differences were found. The adults more often wanted to escape from unbearable thoughts or situations, or to receive care and attention. Adults also reported a slightly higher level of medical seriousness of the DSH act, more psychiatric problems, and substance abuse. The similarities between young and adult DSH-patients are striking. The differences found are most likely related to factors of age itself, such as cognitive immaturity, impulsivity, and lack of experience in enduring problems.     

老挝政治展望

尽管老挝从20世纪80年代以来就逐渐迈向经济改革,但是,执政的老挝人民革命党一直保留以共产主义为中心的本色,老挝继续成为社会主义国家.马克思列宁主义仍然是老挝革命党的指导思想.然而,老挝自20世纪70年代末以来,已经逐渐从较强硬的思想立场发生转变,因此,不能说老挝在追随着原始的马克思列宁主义路线.从某种程度看,这反映领导者采取了务实态度,在保持政治稳定之后,老挝人民革命党的合法性在一定程度上取决于能否满足人们的经济需要,正如他的兄弟国家越南一样.虽然老挝在过去的15年里已经开展了经济改革,但是丝毫没有把政治改革提到政策日程上来.政治多元化的思想没有得到老挝人民革命党的接受.除了老挝人民革命党以外的政党在法定上均被禁止.依据老挝宪法第一章,老挝人民革命党是老挝政治体制的"领导核心".     

Evaluation of Raman spectroscopy for the analysis of colored fibers: a collaborative study

A collaborative study on Raman spectroscopy was carried out by members of the ENFSI (European Network of Forensic Science Institutes) European Fibres Group (EFG) on three dyed fibers: two red acrylics and one red wool. Raman instruments from six different manufacturers were tested as well as nine different laser wavelengths ranging from blue (lambda = 458 nm) to near infrared-NIR (lambda = 1064 nm). This represents the largest comparison study of Raman analytical parameters carried out on identical fiber samples. For the chosen fiber and dye samples, red lasers (lambda = 633 and 685 nm) gave the poorest spectral quality whereas blue (458 nm), green (514 nm) and near infrared lasers (785, 830 and 1064 nm) provided average results. Blue (488 nm) and green lasers (532 nm) globally gave the best quality spectra. Fluorescence problems were often encountered with some of the excitation wavelengths and therefore a flexible Raman instrument equipped with different lasers can be recommended to measure forensic fiber samples. The instrument should also be equipped with a Raman microscope in order to be able to focus on a single fiber. This study shows that Raman spectroscopy usually enables the identification of the main dye present in a colored fiber; however, minor dye components are much more difficult to detect. SERRS (Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering) techniques give an improvement of the dye's spectral intensity but no spectral improvement was observed for the two red acrylic and red wool fibers tested.