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951.
Online reference database of European Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) haplotypes 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Roewer L Krawczak M Willuweit S Nagy M Alves C Amorim A Anslinger K Augustin C Betz A Bosch E Cagliá A Carracedo A Corach D Dekairelle AF Dobosz T Dupuy BM Füredi S Gehrig C Gusmaõ L Henke J Henke L Hidding M Hohoff C Hoste B Jobling MA Kärgel HJ de Knijff P Lessig R Liebeherr E Lorente M Martínez-Jarreta B Nievas P Nowak M Parson W Pascali VL Penacino G Ploski R Rolf B Sala A Schmidt U Schmitt C Schneider PM Szibor R Teifel-Greding J Kayser M 《Forensic science international》2001,118(2-3):106-113
The reference database of highly informative Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) haplotypes (YHRD), available online at http://ystr.charite.de, represents the largest collection of male-specific genetic profiles currently available for European populations. By September 2000, YHRD contained 4688 9-locus (so-called "minimal") haplotypes, 40% of which have been extended further to include two additional loci. Establishment of YHRD has been facilitated by the joint efforts of 31 forensic and anthropological institutions. All contributing laboratories have agreed to standardize their Y-STR haplotyping protocols and to participate in a quality assurance exercise prior to the inclusion of any data. In view of its collaborative character, and in order to put YHRD to its intended use, viz. the support of forensic caseworkers in their routine decision-making process, the database has been made publicly available via the Internet in February 2000. Online searches for complete or partial Y-STR haplotypes from evidentiary or non-probative material can be performed on a non-commercial basis, and yield observed haplotype counts as well as extrapolated population frequency estimates. In addition, the YHRD website provides information about the quality control test, genotyping protocols, haplotype formats and informativity, population genetic analysis, literature references, and a list of contact addresses of the contributing laboratories. 相似文献
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大鼠闭合性脑损伤酯化银和白蛋白组织化学研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 研究闭合性脑损伤立即死亡和伤后 15min至 5天的大鼠脑组织病理变化。方法 应用 HE染色法观察闭合性脑损伤的组织形态学变化。结果 伤后立即死亡组大鼠脑干、大脑和小脑大量神经元表现为皱缩 (Ⅰ型变 )和肿胀 (Ⅱ型变 ),脑干大片神经纤维波浪样变形;伤后 2~ 8h,出现神经元水肿和轴索肿胀明显;伤后 8~ 24h,出现轴索收缩球。之后,Ⅰ型变、Ⅱ型变和收缩球随存活时间延长而增多加重。伤后 4~ 5天,组织水肿减轻或消失,收缩球仍存在。酯化银染色观察,各种损伤性改变均较 H.E.染色更清晰。 ABC法,血浆 Al随伤后时间延长,从血管周围逐渐向周围扩散,并进入损伤的神经元和胶质细胞。结论 脑震荡性损伤改变呈冲击性、对冲性和向心性分布。 相似文献
954.
Bates F 《Journal of law and medicine》2001,9(1):68-75
Two recent decisions of the English Court of Appeal--Re J (Specific Issue Orders: Child's Religious Upbringing and Circumcision) [2000] 1 FLR 571 and Re A (Male Sterilisation) [2000] 1 FLR 549--raise serious issues relating to controversial matters involving law and medicine and deserve wider consideration than in their jurisdiction of origin. This article discusses the practical and policy implications of these cases and places them in the appropriate context. 相似文献
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We report on a 5-year-old girl who suddenly collapsed and died while dancing at a family party. Histological examination of the heart including the cardiac conduction system revealed lymphocytic infiltrations of the sinu-atrial node and perivascular infiltration in the atrio-ventricular region. Additionally, foci of mononuclear infiltrates were observed in the myocardium. Consequently, myocarditis was diagnosed as cause of death. The child also had lymphocytic conjunctivis, parotitis and tracheitis. Evaluation of infections by means of nested polymerase chain reaction revealed parvovirus B19 DNA (PVB19) in tissue samples of the trachea. 相似文献
958.
Stab injuries of the face accompanied by fractures of the jaws are rare. The report deals with the case of a young man, who suffered a penetrating stab injury to the cheek and fracture of the mandible in an assault. The forensic questions to be answered were if the findings were compatible with a stab and subsequent fracture, if one of the confiscated instruments could have been the causative weapon and if the injury had to be assessed as life-threatening. Both the soft and the hard tissue injury confirmed the assumption that they were caused by a stab. It was not possible, however, to assign the injury to a specific knife from the submitted exhibits on the basis of the clinical findings. In the discussion the serious nature of stab injuries in the facial region is emphasized. 相似文献
959.
The analysis of panoramic radiographs of the jaws for forensic purposes is well established. The dental findings on the radiographs give valuable information concerning the identity and possible age. Panoramic radiographs also depict the zygomatic arches. Pneumatized spaces of the temporal bone's zygomatic arch process are asymptomatic variations, entitled "zygomatic air cell defect" (ZACD). Data on ZACD prevalence might support the current forensic-odontologic practice in the fields of identification and age assessment. The authors analyzed 6 studies subjected to evaluate ZACD on panoramic radiographs. The out-patients were subjected to systematic radiography prior to treatment planning in specialized dental or maxillofacial surgery clinics. The age of the 7870 patients varied between 6 and 97 years. ZACD was found in 169 patients (prevalence: 2.32%; female: 56.12%, male: 43.9%). Most ZACD were unilateral (70%). In these studies no ZACD occurred in children younger than 7 years of age. There was no statistically significant difference concerning ZACD prevalence in the sub-groups of children aged 9 to 13 vs. 14 to 17 years. This review demonstrates the prevalence of ZACD on orthopantomograms. The prevalence of this finding in the investigated children does not differ from the prevalences reported for adults, and is low in general. The presence of ZACD in persons might be valuable for the identification of humans or human remains and for age estimation in addition to other physical and dental findings. 相似文献
960.
This study was conducted on a sample of the Lebanese population. Its aim was to verify differences in dental dimensions between the genders as was found by other authors in other populations. It is concluded that gender dental differences constitute an additional important, though not-decisive element, in identification of courpses. 相似文献