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911.
Sharon F. Lambert Keith C. Herman Mia Smith Bynum Nicholas S. Ialongo 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(4):519-531
Experiences with racism are a common occurrence for African American youth and may result in negative self perceptions relevant
for the experience of depressive symptoms. This study examined the longitudinal association between perceptions of racism
and depressive symptoms, and whether perceived academic or social control mediated this association, in a community epidemiologically-defined
sample of urban African American adolescents (N = 500; 46.4% female). Structural equation modeling revealed that experiences with racism were associated with low perceived
academic control, which in turn was associated with increased depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that experiences with
racism can have long lasting effects for African American youth’s depressive symptoms, and highlight the detrimental effects
of experiences with racism for perceptions of control in the academic domain. Implications for intervention are discussed.
相似文献
Sharon F. LambertEmail: |
912.
Willeke A. Manders Jan M. A. M. Janssens William L. Cook Johan H. L. Oud Eric E. J. De Bruyn Ron H. J. Scholte 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(10):1328-1338
Considerable research has focused on the reliability and validity of informant reports of family behavior, especially maternal
reports of adolescent problem behavior. None of these studies, however, has based their orientation on a theoretical model
of interpersonal perception. In this study we used the social relations model (SRM) to examine family members’ reports of
each others’ externalizing and internalizing problem behavior. Two parents and two adolescents in 69 families rated each others’
behavior within a round-robin design. SRM analysis showed that within-family perceptions of externalizing and internalizing
behaviors are consistently due to three sources of variance; perceiver, target, and family effects. A family/contextual effect
on informant reports of problem behavior has not been previously reported. 相似文献
913.
The association between relational aggression and popularity during early adolescence is well established. Yet, little is known about why, exactly, relationally aggressive young adolescents are able to achieve and maintain high popular status among peers. The present study investigated the mediating role of humor in the association between relational aggression and popularity during early adolescence. Also considered was whether the association between relational aggression and humor varies according to adolescents’ gender and their friends’ levels of relational aggression. Participants were 265 sixth-grade students (48 % female; 41 % racial/ethnic minority; M age = 12.04 years) who completed peer nomination and friendship measures in their classrooms at two time points (Wave 1: February; Wave 2: May). The results indicated that Wave 1 relational aggression was related to Wave 1 and 2 popularity indirectly through Wave 1 humor, after accounting for the effects of Wave 1 physical aggression, ethnicity, and gender. Additional analyses showed that relational aggression and humor were related significantly only for boys and for young adolescents with highly relationally aggressive friends. The results support the need for further research on humor and aggression during early adolescence and other mechanisms by which relationally aggressive youth achieve high popular status. 相似文献
914.
Hayley A. Hamilton Mark van der Maas Angela Boak Robert E. Mann 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(7):1163-1175
Research indicates that subjective perceptions of socioeconomic status (SES) affect aspects of health and behavior. There has been little research attention to how objective (e.g., education) and subjective aspects of SES may differ in their influence on the substance use of adolescent immigrants. The present study examined whether the associations between subjective SES and substance use, and between parental education and substance use varied by immigrant generation. Data were derived from the 2011 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a representative survey of students in the 7th to 12th grade. The sample for this study consisted of 9177 students 12–19 years of age; 48.4 % were female, 66.4 % were White/European, 5.2 % Black/Afro-Caribbean, 16.4 % Asian and 12 % other. Results indicated that subjective SES was more strongly associated with cannabis and alcohol use among first-generation immigrants than among adolescents of other immigrant generations even after adjusting for parental education. First-generation immigrants with low subjective SES had a lower probability of cannabis and regular alcohol use, but there was no difference in use between immigrant generations at high subjective SES. The associations between parental education and cannabis and alcohol use did not significantly vary with immigrant generation. The findings highlight the importance of status beliefs among adolescents, particularly among first-generation immigrants, and suggest that further research attention to such beliefs would enhance our understanding of SES and its links to adolescent health risk behaviors. 相似文献
915.
916.
917.
Understanding the prevalence and correlates of decisional autonomy within specific cultural contexts is necessary to fully
comprehend how family processes are embedded within culture. The goals of this study were to describe mothers’ and fathers’
decision-making with adolescents (M = 12.51 years, SD = 0.58; 51% female), including parent-unilateral, joint, and youth-unilateral decision-making, and to examine
the socio-cultural and family characteristics associated with these different types of decision-making in 246 Mexican-origin
families. Mothers reported more joint and youth-unilateral decision-making and less parent-unilateral decision-making than
did fathers. Fathers reported more youth-unilateral decision-making with sons than with daughters. Further, for mothers, more
traditional gender role attitudes and higher levels of mother-adolescent conflict were associated with more parent-unilateral
and less joint decision-making. In contrast, for fathers, lower levels of respect values were associated with more youth-unilateral
decision-making with sons, and higher levels of parent-adolescent warmth were associated with more youth-unilateral decision-making
with daughters. The importance of understanding the different correlates of mothers’ and fathers’ decision-making with sons
versus daughters is discussed. 相似文献
918.
Hafen CA Allen JP Mikami AY Gregory A Hamre B Pianta RC 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2012,41(3):245-255
Student engagement is an important contributor to school success, yet high school students routinely describe themselves as
disengaged. Identifying factors that alter (increase) engagement is a key aspect of improving support for student achievement.
This study investigated students’ perceptions of autonomy, teacher connection, and academic competence as predictors of changes
in student engagement within the classroom from the start to the end of a course. Participants were 578 (58% female) diverse
(67.8% White, 25.2% African American, 5.1% Hispanic, 1.2% Asian American) high school students from 34 classrooms who provided
questionnaire data both at the start and the end of a single course. Novel results from a cross-lagged model demonstrated
that students who perceived their classrooms as allowing and encouraging their own autonomy in the first few weeks increased
their engagement throughout the course, rather than the typical decline in engagement that was demonstrated by students in
other classrooms. This finding is unique in that it extended to both students’ perceptions of engagement and observations
of student engagement, suggesting a fairly robust pattern. The pertinence of this finding to adolescent developmental needs
and its relationship to educational practice is discussed. 相似文献
919.
Kochel KP Miller CF Updegraff KA Ladd GW Kochenderfer-Ladd B 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2012,41(8):1022-1034
An accruing body of evidence supports associations between self-perceived gender typicality and peer relationship difficulties; however, researchers have yet to evaluate peers' perceptions of problem behaviors to gain insight into the social correlates of gender typicality. A short-term longitudinal study was conducted to evaluate associations between gender atypical problem behavior and subsequent peer relational difficulties for 2,076 fifth graders (M age= 10.27; 53% female). Peer nomination methodology was used to assess participants' classroom peer relationships, problem behaviors, and social-emotional characteristics. Findings showed that youth characterized by gender atypical, compared to gender typical, problem behavior (withdrawn boys/aggressive girls vs. withdrawn girls/aggressive boys, respectively) evidenced higher levels of subsequent peer difficulties; moreover, participation in a mutual friendship was associated with decreased risk for peer relationship maladjustment, particularly among youth characterized by gender atypical problem behavior. Results further revealed that, compared to friendless youth, friended youth earned higher prosocial and peer liking scores and, for withdrawn youth, lower emotional sensitivity scores. The present research contributes to our understanding of the potential short-term consequences of youth's gender atypical problem behavior. Findings underscore the need for supplemental conceptualizations of gender typicality as well as multifaceted interventions designed to promote the acceptance of gender nonnormativity, support the development of adaptive peer relationships, and reduce the occurrence of problem behaviors. 相似文献
920.
The younger siblings of childbearing adolescents have poorer school outcomes and exhibit more internalizing and externalizing problems compared to their peers without a childbearing sister. We test a model where living with an adolescent childbearing sister constitutes a major family stressor that disrupts mothers' parenting and well-being, and through which, adversely affect youths' adjustment. Data came from 243 Latino younger siblings (62% female, M age 13.7 years) and their mothers, 121 of whom lived with a childbearing adolescent sister and 122 of whom did not. Individual fixed-effects models controlled for earlier measures of each respective model construct, thereby reducing omitted variable bias from pre-existing group differences. Results show that, for boys, the relationship between living with a childbearing adolescent sister and youth outcomes was sequentially mediated through mothers' stress and parenting (i.e., monitoring and nurturance). For girls, however, the relationship was mediated through mothers' monitoring only. Findings elucidate the within-family processes that contribute to the problematic outcomes of youth living with childbearing adolescent older sisters. 相似文献