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771.
772.
This study aimed to evaluate a hypothesized structural model that reflects the relationship between unemployment stress, spiritual intelligence and mental health components. The sample of the study consisted of (761) unemployed adults (412 males and 349 females), their ages ranged between 30 to 48 year. They were divided into two samples: the first consisted of (352) unemployed adults to test the validity and reliability of the scales used in this study. And the second sample consisted of (409) unemployed adults to evaluate the hypothesized structural model. Researcher prepared the unemployment stress scale, and used the spiritual intelligence scale‐27, as well as prepared the short version of the mental health components scale based on the mental health scale‐50. In order to find how unemployment stress and spiritual intelligence predict the mental health components, the hypothesized model was examined using structural equation modeling. The results of test the proposed structural model concluded that the independent variable: unemployment stress contributed statistically significant directly to predict of the five dimensions of mental health components: mental mindfulness, flexibility, self‐efficiency, social support and happiness as dependent variables. At the same time, the independent variable: unemployment stress contributed statistically significant indirectly and proportionally to the prediction of the five dimensions of mental health as dependent variables through the dimensions of spiritual intelligence: spiritual mindfulness, spiritual abilities, spiritual presence as median variables. The proposed model of unemployment stress, spiritual intelligence and mental health components has a good fitness with the data were collected, and able to predict mental health among unemployed adults. 相似文献
773.
Although the use of truth and reconciliation commissions (TRCs) has grown considerably over the last 3 decades, there is still
much that we do not know concerning the choice and the structuring of TRCs. While the literature has focused primarily on
the effects of TRCs, we examine the domestic and the international factors influencing the choice of a commission in sub-Saharan
Africa from 1974 to 2003 using pooled cross-sectional time series. We find that states which adopted a TRC prior to South
Africa were generally repressive centralized regimes which used the truth commission as political cover. However, since South
Africa’s TRC, democratizing states have been more likely to adopt a truth commission as a form of transitional justice.
相似文献
Lilian A. BarriaEmail: |
774.
William F. S. Miles 《Human Rights Review》2009,10(4):505-519
It is understandable that Iran’s December 2006 hosting of an international conference casting doubts on the historicity of
the Holocaust would raise questions about treatments of the Shoah elsewhere in the Third World. In fact, indigenization the
Holocaust—the manifold ways in which serious scholars, activists, and writers from Asia, Africa, and Latin America have come
to incorporate the Holocaust in their intellectual work—has been positive overall. Within the framework of intellectual globalization,
much of the Third World intelligentsia has come to include this most Western of human rights violations within the framework
of their own cultures and histories. Although some of the indigenization of the Holocaust is political and instrumental, the
deviant variant expressed at the Tehran Holocaust conference is atypical. Governmental respect for the memory of victims of
genocide should be considered as an emerging human right. 相似文献
775.
首都市民职业价值观状况研究报告 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
北京市社会科学院课题组 《北京行政学院学报》2009,(6)
2008年,北京市社会科学院对首都市民职业价值取向状况进行了专题调研,结果表明:首都市民珍视工作稳定性,职业理想倾向于个人经济利益和自我价值实现,崇尚不断创新、乐于敬业的职业精神和职业态度,体现了新时期积极向上、忠于职守的从业价值观,形成了由物质实现、自我实现向社会实现逐层递进的事业成功观,认同通过个人努力获取成功的事业进取现. 相似文献
776.
James J. Mazza Charles B. Fleming Robert D. Abbott Kevin P. Haggerty Richard F. Catalano 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(6):579-593
Few studies have examined risk factors of childhood and early adolescent depressive symptomatology trajectories. This study
examined self-report depressive symptomatology across a 6-year time period from 2nd to 8th grade to identify latent groups
of individuals with similar patterns of depressive phenomena in a sample of 951 children (440 girls, 511 boys). Analyses,
using semiparametric group modeling (SGM), identified 5 trajectory groups for girls and boys: low depressed stables, low depressed
risers, mildly depressed stables, moderately depressed changers, and moderately depressed risers. Individual risk factors,
with the exception of shy/withdrawn behavior, were significantly different across trajectory group membership for boys and
girls, as was low-income status for boys. Boys in the low depressed and mildly depressed stable trajectory groups had significantly
higher levels of antisocial behavior, attention problems, and lower social competency compared to girls in similar groups.
These results suggest that universal prevention programs implemented in early elementary school that target selected risk
factors may be helpful in reducing future adolescent mental health problems, specifically depressive symptomatology. 相似文献
777.
Stephanie H. Parade Esther M. Leerkes A. Nayena Blankson 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(2):127-137
The current study examined the process by which attachment to parents influences satisfaction with and ease in forming friendships
at college. One hundred seventy-two female college freshmen completed a measure of parental attachment security the summer
before their first semester of college (July 2006) and measures to assess satisfaction with and ease in forming close relationships
at the end of their first semester (December 2006). Students ranged in age from 18 to 20 years (M = 18.09, SD = 0.33) and were diverse in their racial makeup (30% racial minority). Consistent with predictions derived from
attachment theory, secure attachment to parents was positively associated with ease in forming friendships among racial minority
and white participants and satisfaction with friendships among minority participants. Moreover, indirect effects of parental
attachment security on relationship outcomes through social anxiety were significant for minority participants but not for
white participants. Findings may be useful in the development of retention programs targeted at incoming university freshmen,
particularly minority students. 相似文献
778.
Nicole E. Werner Matthew F. Bumpus Daquarii Rock 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(6):607-619
The current study examined concurrent and longitudinal predictors of early adolescents’ involvement in Internet aggression.
Cross-sectional results (N = 330; 57% female) showed that the likelihood of reporting Internet aggression was higher among youth who spent more time
using Internet-based technologies to communicate with friends and who were themselves targets of Internet aggression. Offline
relational aggression and beliefs supportive of relational and physical aggression also predicted concurrent involvement in
Internet aggression. We used longitudinal data (N = 150; 51% female) to distinguish between youth who were aggressive in traditional contexts only (i.e., school) from those
who were aggressive both online and offline. These results indicated that youth who were aggressive both online and offline
were older at the initial assessment, were targets of Internet aggression, and held beliefs more supportive of relational
aggression than youth who were aggressive offline only. Implications and directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
779.
The purpose of the present study was to examine relations between adolescents’ social cognitions regarding parenting practices
and adolescents’ prosocial behavioral tendencies. A mediation model was tested whereby the degree to which adolescents perceived
their parents as responding appropriately to their prosocial and antisocial behaviors was hypothesized to predict adolescents’
tendencies toward prosocial behavior indirectly by way of adolescents’ prosocial values. Adolescents (N = 140; M age = 16.76 years, SD = .80; 64% girls; 91% European Americans) completed measures of prosocial values and of the appropriateness
with which they expected their parents to react to their prosocial and antisocial behaviors. In addition, teachers and parents
rated the adolescents’ tendencies for prosocial behaviors. A structural equation model test showed that the degree to which
adolescents expected their parents to respond appropriately to their prosocial behaviors was related positively to their prosocial
values, which in turn was positively associated with their tendencies to engage in prosocial behaviors (as reported by parents
and teachers). The findings provide evidence for the central role of adolescents’ evaluations and expectancies of parental
behaviors and of the role of values in predicting prosocial tendencies. Discussion focuses on the implications for moral socialization
theories and on the practical implications of these findings in understanding adolescents’ prosocial development. 相似文献
780.
Jason A. Grissom Jill Nicholson-Crotty Sean Nicholson-Crotty 《Public administration review》2009,69(5):911-919
Scholars of representative bureaucracy have long been interested in the linkage between passive representation in public agencies and the pursuit of specific policies designed to benefit minority groups. Research in this area suggests that the structural characteristics of those organizations, the external political environment, and the perceptions of individual bureaucrats each help to facilitate that relationship. Work to date has not, however, sufficiently investigated the impact of region on representation behavior, which is surprising given the emphasis that it receives in the broader literature on race and politics. Drawing on that literature, this study argues that, for black bureaucrats, region of residence is an important moderator of active representation because it helps to determine the salience of race as an issue and the degree of identification with racial group interests. It tests hypotheses related to that general argument in a nationally representative sample of more than 3,000 public schools. The results suggest that black teachers produce greater benefits for black students in the South, relative to other regions. A supplementary analysis also confirms the theoretical supposition that race is a more salient issue for Southern black bureaucrats, when compared with their non-Southern counterparts. 相似文献