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Tae Kyoung Lee K. A. S. Wickrama Leslie Gordon Simons 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2013,42(6):821-836
Research has documented the relationship between family stressors such as family economic hardship and marital conflict and adolescents’ mental health symptoms, especially depressive symptoms. Few studies, however, have examined the processes whereby supportive parenting lessens this effect and the progression of mental health and physical health symptoms in adolescence. The present study investigates the influences of chronic family economic hardship on adolescents’ multiple health problem symptoms (i.e., symptoms of anxiety, and depression and physical complaints) through parents’ marital conflict, and supportive parenting; it also examines how there adolescents’ health problems mutually influence one another throughout adolescence. We used Structural Equation Modeling to analyze data from a longitudinal sample of European American mothers, fathers, and target adolescents (N = 451, 53 % female) to examine direct and indirect effects. Findings generally supported the hypothesized model. Chronic family economic hardship contributed to mental and physical health problems of adolescents. This influence largely was mediated through supportive parenting. Moreover, supportive parenting buffered marital conflict on depressive symptoms of adolescents. Also, there was a tendency for females to show more stable depressive symptoms than males. The study demonstrates key mediating pathways and additional moderating influences based on the family stress model and also highlights the importance of improving health resources for adolescents. 相似文献
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Leslie Ponciano 《Child & Youth Services》2013,34(1):70-85
This study examined the association between perceptions of children's care needs and maternal sensitivity with 76 dyads in foster care. Foster mothers were more sensitive to typically developing children perceived as requiring easier care and were less sensitive to children with developmental delays. Adopting foster mothers were sensitive with children requiring complex care. Older children were perceived to need more care and to be delayed in development. Nearly half of the sample were perceived to be developmentally delayed. Foster mothers were less sensitive to children with multiple placements. Perceptions of caregiving needs can influence the quality of interactions. 相似文献
357.
Aslihan Arslan Romina Cavatassi Federica Alfani Nancy Mccarthy Leslie Lipper Misael Kokwe 《发展研究杂志》2018,54(3):457-480
Climate change is posing an increasingly severe challenge to agricultural livelihoods due to increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Livelihood diversification can play an important role in decreasing food insecurity and vulnerability under these challenges. This paper contributes to the literature on livelihood diversification and vulnerability under climate change to assess the role of diversification as part of a Climate-Smart Agriculture strategy by analysing the determinants of diversification, income and poverty in Zambia using panel data. We specifically focus on the roles of climate shocks and institutions in shaping these linkages to highlight policy insights to improve resilience. 相似文献
358.
Jennifer L. Matjasko Belinda L. Needham Leslie N. Grunden Amy Feldman Farb 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(9):1053-1066
Using a variant of the ecological-transactional model and developmental theories of delinquency on a nationally representative
sample of adolescents, the current study explored the ecological predictors of violent victimization, perpetration, and both
for three different developmental stages during adolescence. We examined the relative influence of individual and family characteristics,
peers, and neighborhood characteristics on the odds of experiencing violent victimization and perpetration over time with
two waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health for those adolescents who reported no exposure to violence
at Wave 1 (N = 8,267; 50% female; 59% Caucasian; 17% African-American; 14% Hispanic). We found that more proximal factors differentiated
between different experiences with violence at Wave 2. Also, negative peers significantly differentiated between violent victimization
and perpetration, and this influence was strongest in early adolescence. In exploratory analyses, we found that middle adolescents
were particularly vulnerable to their disadvantaged neighborhoods for a high-risk group. This analysis is one of the few that
considers multiple ecological contexts simultaneously and provides support for developmental differences within adolescence
on the influence that peers and neighborhoods have in predicting violent victimization and perpetration. 相似文献
359.
When Bill Clinton embraced national service as one of his administration's priorities, he took a step forward on two of his key initiatives. Not only was national service a new initiative in its own right, but Clinton also held it up as a model of his efforts to reinvent government. It would be an exemplar of government that is catalytic, competitive, decentralized, and results oriented. This case study examines the theory and reality of reinvention. The Corporation for National Service and its programs have come under fire for being more political than catalytic, being simultaneously too centralized and too decentralized, and pursuing too many unclear goals. This article seeks to identify discontinuities between the rhetoric and the reality of reinvention in this instance and draw lessons for public-sector reform. 相似文献
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