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241.
What Interventions Work Best for Families Who Experience Homelessness? Impact Estimates from the Family Options Study
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Daniel Gubits Marybeth Shinn Michelle Wood Scott R. Brown Samuel R. Dastrup Stephen H. Bell 《Journal of policy analysis and management》2018,37(4):835-866
What housing and service interventions work best to reduce homelessness for families in the United States? The Family Options Study randomly assigned 2,282 families recruited in homeless shelters across 12 sites to priority access to one of three active interventions or to usual care in their communities. The interventions were long‐term rent subsidies, short‐term rent subsidies, and transitional housing in supervised programs with intensive psychosocial services. In two waves of follow‐up data collected 20 and 37 months later, priority access to long‐term rent subsidies reduced homelessness and food insecurity and improved other aspects of adult and child well‐being relative to usual care, at a cost 9 percent higher. The other interventions had little effect. The study provides support for the view that homelessness for most families is an economic problem that long‐term rent subsidies resolve and does not support the view that families must address psychosocial problems to succeed in housing. It has implications for focusing government resources on this important social problem. 相似文献
242.
What explains variation in the depth of intelligence sharing? Realism provides the standard answer: shared threat motivates deeper cooperation. In a recent article, Ryan Bock offers a liberal antidote to this conventional view, leveraging insights on domestic regime type to explain why Anglo-Soviet sharing remained shallow despite the German threat during 1941–5. Several shortcomings in Bock’s innovative study undermine his main arguments and findings. A reevaluation of the Anglo-Soviet case and a cursory examination of nine other intelligence-sharing relationships during the Second World War reveal a spread of variation in the depth of cooperation that cannot be explained by a liberal regime-type argument, a realist threat perspective, or other prevailing International Relations paradigms. Marrying insights from interdisciplinary scholarship on gossip and embedded exchange, we propose a novel alternative framework that suggests plausible solutions to puzzles left behind by other accounts, thus opening a new line of inquiry for future research on intelligence cooperation. 相似文献
243.
This essay examines what we are calling the ‘crime control industry’ and how the growth of such an industry relates to growing
inequality and the need to ‘manage’ or ‘contain’ the ‘surplus population.’ Profits are a major moving force in this process,
rather than the goal of reducing crime and suffering. An important component of this industry is the ‘prison industrial complex,’
one of the fastest growing industries in the U.S. Also included is a rapidly growing private security industry that includes
private police and security guards, along with a growing supply of technology to aid in the ‘war on crime.’ Other components
include drug testing companies, gated communities, and a booming gun industry. We conclude by outlining possible explanations
for the growth of this industry. 相似文献
244.
Coyne Sarah M. Hurst Jeffrey L. Dyer W. Justin Hunt Quintin Schvanaveldt Emily Brown Sara Jones Gavin 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2021,50(12):2324-2338
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Suicide rates have increased over the past decade, and screen media (and social media in particular) are often blamed for this marked increase. However, there is... 相似文献
245.
Michael Abiragi B.S. Laura D. Bauler Ph.D. Theodore Brown M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(3):1009-1011
The majority of opioid-related deaths are accidental. However, the number of opioid-related suicidal deaths is likely under recognized. Presented here is a case of suicide by heroin overdose. The manner of death would have likely been deemed accidental if not for critical information shared by the decedent’s family during follow-up telephone interviews between the forensic pathologist and the decedent’s family, which included text messages that were sent by the decedent just before his death that were not known at the time of the initial medicolegal death scene investigation. This case highlights that when a forensic pathologist establishes an engaged relationship with the decedent’s family, the information elucidated can prove to be invaluable in reaching an informed opinion about the manner of death. For overdose cases, identifying an accurate manner of death allows the design of public health efforts that adequately address the health risks in the community. For aid in the determination of the manner of death for overdose cases, we propose a five-step checklist that may assist forensic pathologists and medicolegal death investigators when approaching similar cases. 相似文献
246.
Joyce L. deJong D.O. Jenelle Lee B.S. Abigail Grande M.P.H. Cuyler Huffman M.S. Chloe Bielby M.P.H. Theodore Brown M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(6):2008-2012
The contribution of positional asphyxia in opioid-related deaths is currently unknown. Diagnostic criteria for positional asphyxia include finding the decedent in a position that does not allow for adequate respiration and an inability to extricate themselves from the position due to various conditions. Our primary objective was to assess whether positional asphyxia and the resulting airway compromise were a contributing factor to death due to the toxic effects of opioids. We evaluated 225 deaths where the death scene investigation contained adequate information to evaluate for positional asphyxia and performed a Pearson chi-square test to determine if the proportion of deaths found in an airway compromising position was higher when opioid(s) caused the death. The proportion of decedents found in a potential airway compromising position was greater when the death was related to opioid use (p < 0.0001). Further, narrowing the dataset to decedents who were definitely in an airway compromising position [Yes (24.49%) vs. No (11.02%)] showed a statistically significant association between positional asphyxia and deaths related to opioid use (p = 0.0021). Carefully documenting the position in which the decedent was initially found may be a significant factor in accurate reporting and in harm reduction efforts to decrease the opioid mortality rate. 相似文献
247.
Carole Brown 《Family Court Review》1994,32(2):149-167
Australian research on the impact of separation and divorce on children and their families has consistently shown that although separation is a stressful event in the lives of families, the long-term prospects for these families is encouraging. A number of issues arising from the research presented in this article warrant closer consideration by decision makers, court administrators, and professionals dealing with disputing families. First, programs aimed at reducing conflict and assisting families to deal with the emotional impact of separation need to be given priority. Second, there is sufficient indication to suggest that poverty as a result of separation and divorce has a debilitating effect on women and children. Third, in dealing with disputes over custody and access, care needs to be taken to respect the needs of individual children. Finally, high conflict in a family postseparation should be a warning to pay particular attention to the potential harm of applying joint custody and frequent access presumptions. 相似文献
248.
Robert A. Brown Ph.D. 《East Asia》1994,13(2):75-79
Korean student enter college singularly susceptible to the influence of their seniors, who tend to be critical of the Korean
government and its relation to the United States, and by extension, the United States itself. One recent study involving 208
Korean college students suggested that the attitude of the great majority had become progressively less favorable, or more
unfavorable toward the United States over a one-year-period, and more cynical concerning its motives. That study, however,
did not control for age, and relied on students’ own impressionistic self-reports of their initial attitudes. The present
study is a replication and extension of that one, using a panel of entering students, whose attitudes were measured during
the first and last weeks of their first college semester. The results indicate that the change in attitude toward “anti-Americanism”
occurs within this first semester. 相似文献
249.
Jesse C. Brown 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》1987,11(2):227-248
Television has become “the” medium of the masses in contemporary America. However, there has been very little systematic investigation
about television’s impact upon agents of political authority, such as municipal police agencies.
This research analyzes potential linkages between voter support for local police and voter viewing habits of local television
news. The impact of television news upon voter support for police is assessed in the context of a multivariate model, which
includes media and non-media predictor variables. Voter “support” for a municipal police agency is deemed a multidimensional
concept and is measured in absolute and relative terms.
The findings of this exploratory study suggest that local television news has minimal or no impact (positively or negatively)
upon voter attitudes toward local police agencies. The inability of mediaand non-media variables to explain voter support for municipal law enforcement indicates the need for a completely new paradigm
to guide research in this niche of criminal justice. 相似文献
250.
S. P. A. Brown 《Public Choice》1987,55(3):215-226
A model of majority rule is developed in which each of a finite number of generations votes on a redistribution of income between itself and the other generations. In voting, each generation expresses tastes for its own income and for the distribution of income across generations. The model is then used to derive the conditions under which discounting is justified — namely those conditions for which the majority rule exhibits a positive marginal rate of time preference. It is demonstrated that when each generation is wealthier than those preceding it, the parameters representing the taste for income equality must be relatively high for the majority rule to exhibit a positive marginal rate of time preference. 相似文献