排序方式: 共有51条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
31.
Jodi Lane Susan Turner Terry Fain Amber Sehgal 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2007,3(3):201-219
In the late 1990s Ventura County, California, USA, implemented the South Oxnard Challenge Project (SOCP), designed to provide
intensive, multi-agency services to youth on probation. SOCP built their program guided by Clear’s “corrections of place”
model, which argued that community corrections could decrease offender risk by focusing on restorative principles rather than
on coercion. SOCP was designed as a randomized experiment, comparing youths in the experimental group with those on routine
probation. Researchers interviewed youths in both the experimental and control groups 1 year after random assignment. This
article reports on self-reported crime and drug use, finding few significant differences across groups. Specifically, we find
that SOCP youths were significantly more likely to indicate that they had committed a violent crime generally, although a
majority of both groups indicated they had done so. We found that those in SOCP who robbed people also did so significantly
more often than did the comparison group. In the control group, youths reported committing homicide significantly more often,
but this was a rare event. Among those youths who reported taking part in gang or posse fights, those in the control group
did so significantly more often. Finally, youths in the control group were significantly more likely to have used ecstasy
on more days during the previous month than were those in the SOCP.
Jodi Lane is Associate Professor in the Department of Criminology, Law and Society at the University of Florida (UF), USA. She was a criminal justice policy analyst for the RAND Corporation before joining the faculty at UF and was the onsite project coordinator for the South Oxnard Challenge Project (SOCP) evaluation. She earned her Ph.D. at the University of California, Irvine, USA. Her research interests include fear of crime, juvenile justice, corrections, crime policy, and program evaluation. She currently is part of the evaluation team for the Florida Faith and Community-Based Delinquency Treatment Initiative (FCBDTI). Susan Turner is a Professor of Criminology, Law and Society and Associate Director of the Center for Evidence-Based Corrections at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). Before joining UCI in 2005, Dr. Turner was a senior behavioral scientist at the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, Calif., USA for over 20 years. She has led a variety of research projects, including studies on racial disparity, field experiments on private sector alternatives for serious juvenile offenders, work release, day fines and a 14-site evaluation of intensive supervision probation. Dr. Turner’s areas of expertise include the design and implementation of randomized field experiments and research collaborations with state and local justice agencies. Dr. Turner has conducted a number of evaluations of drug courts, including a nationwide implementation study. Her article, “A Decade of Drug Treatment Court Research” (2002) appeared in Substance Use and Misuse, summarizing over 10 years of drug court research conducted while she was at the RAND Corporation. Dr. Turner is a member of the American Society of Criminology, the American Probation and Parole Association, and is a Fellow of the Academy of Experimental Criminology. Terry Fain is a senior project manager in the Behavioral Sciences Department at the RAND Corporation. He has extensive research experience in criminal justice and substance abuse. He is expert in computer statistical techniques, as well as in managing large datasets. He has conducted analyses for many RAND projects and is author or co-author of numerous publications, both from RAND and in peer-reviewed journals. His research interests include alternatives to incarceration, substance abuse and treatment, racial disparities in prison admissions, and research collaborations with state and local justice agencies. Amber Sehgal has more than 10 years of experience defining evaluation parameters; identifying available data and sources of information; developing data tracking systems; overseeing data collection; supervising field staff; acting as a liaison between RAND and clients; and assisting in data analysis and report writing. Recent Public Safety and Justice projects include evaluation programs under the Challenge I Grant (Ventura County), Challenge II Grant (Orange County), Juvenile Justice Crime Prevention Act (Ventura County and Los Angeles County) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Ventura County). A current RAND Health project studies the impact of city parks on physical health. 相似文献
Amber SehgalEmail: |
Jodi Lane is Associate Professor in the Department of Criminology, Law and Society at the University of Florida (UF), USA. She was a criminal justice policy analyst for the RAND Corporation before joining the faculty at UF and was the onsite project coordinator for the South Oxnard Challenge Project (SOCP) evaluation. She earned her Ph.D. at the University of California, Irvine, USA. Her research interests include fear of crime, juvenile justice, corrections, crime policy, and program evaluation. She currently is part of the evaluation team for the Florida Faith and Community-Based Delinquency Treatment Initiative (FCBDTI). Susan Turner is a Professor of Criminology, Law and Society and Associate Director of the Center for Evidence-Based Corrections at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). Before joining UCI in 2005, Dr. Turner was a senior behavioral scientist at the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, Calif., USA for over 20 years. She has led a variety of research projects, including studies on racial disparity, field experiments on private sector alternatives for serious juvenile offenders, work release, day fines and a 14-site evaluation of intensive supervision probation. Dr. Turner’s areas of expertise include the design and implementation of randomized field experiments and research collaborations with state and local justice agencies. Dr. Turner has conducted a number of evaluations of drug courts, including a nationwide implementation study. Her article, “A Decade of Drug Treatment Court Research” (2002) appeared in Substance Use and Misuse, summarizing over 10 years of drug court research conducted while she was at the RAND Corporation. Dr. Turner is a member of the American Society of Criminology, the American Probation and Parole Association, and is a Fellow of the Academy of Experimental Criminology. Terry Fain is a senior project manager in the Behavioral Sciences Department at the RAND Corporation. He has extensive research experience in criminal justice and substance abuse. He is expert in computer statistical techniques, as well as in managing large datasets. He has conducted analyses for many RAND projects and is author or co-author of numerous publications, both from RAND and in peer-reviewed journals. His research interests include alternatives to incarceration, substance abuse and treatment, racial disparities in prison admissions, and research collaborations with state and local justice agencies. Amber Sehgal has more than 10 years of experience defining evaluation parameters; identifying available data and sources of information; developing data tracking systems; overseeing data collection; supervising field staff; acting as a liaison between RAND and clients; and assisting in data analysis and report writing. Recent Public Safety and Justice projects include evaluation programs under the Challenge I Grant (Ventura County), Challenge II Grant (Orange County), Juvenile Justice Crime Prevention Act (Ventura County and Los Angeles County) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Ventura County). A current RAND Health project studies the impact of city parks on physical health. 相似文献
32.
Amber E. Crabbe Rachel Hiatt Susan D. Poliwka Martin Wachs 《Public Budgeting & Finance》2005,25(3):91-121
Over the last 25 years, voters in 20 California counties approved “local transportation sales taxes” to pay for transportation projects. A growing source of revenue, they generate roughly $2.5 billion per year. Four features explain their popularity: they require direct voter approval; funds are raised and spent within the counties that enact them, so voters experience benefits directly; most automatically expire; and they usually specify the improvements to be financed. These taxes are an important revenue source, but tend to favor capital investments over operations and maintenance. They have enhanced local governments' decision‐making authority, but may have made regional transportation planning in multicounty regions more difficult to achieve. 相似文献
33.
34.
Purpose. Children who witness crimes are sometimes asked to view a photospread lineup to see if they can identify the culprit. Here, we examined the effectiveness of two manipulations designed to assist in overcoming the tendency of child eyewitnesses to choose from lineups, a tendency that manifests in false identifications from target‐absent lineups. Methods. Children aged around 12 years (N = 432) were randomly assigned to control, Not Sure, or accuracy motivation conditions in order to examine both target‐absent and ‐present identification test performance across multiple sets of stimulus materials. Results. The Not Sure option did not affect false alarms or hit rates, but the combination of accuracy motivating conditions and the Not Sure option reduced guessing, with overall rates of false identifications falling by 12.2%. The latter effect was much stronger under some stimulus conditions but not detectable under others, indicating that the manipulations could improve but not impair performance. While there were beneficial effects at the group level, the manipulation did not produce a general change in individual children's decision strategies. Conclusions. Eyewitness identification test manipulations that reliably reduce false alarms, without lowering hits, by child witnesses have not yet been identified. Here, we showed how a simple‐to‐implement accuracy motivation manipulation reduces false alarms under some conditions, while also highlighting the importance of evaluating the efficacy of interventions across varied encoding and test conditions. However, developing a procedure that can produce a generalized improvement in decision making at the individual level remains a major challenge for eyewitness researchers. 相似文献
35.
Saddle Pulmonary Embolism with Paradoxical Coronary Artery Embolism through a Patent Foramen Ovale
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of forensic sciences》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Amber L. Achesinski M.P.A. Wendy M. Gunther M.D. Catherine B. Pearman M.P.A.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(3):812-814
A 35‐year‐old male patient was found in cardiac arrest in his vehicle, with no apparent injuries after a minor motor vehicle collision. The decedent was found to have a saddle pulmonary embolus with a thromboembolus impacted across a patent foramen ovale and a paradoxical embolism in the circumflex coronary artery, as well as significant clotting in the deep veins of both lower extremities. There were no risk factors in his history to explain the deep venous thrombosis; family history suggested the possibility of an unrecognized clotting disorder. 相似文献
36.
Refining Stable Oxygen and Hydrogen Isoscapes for the Identification of Human Remains in Mississippi,
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of forensic sciences》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Monica M. Warner M.A. Amber M. Plemons M.A. Nicholas P. Herrmann Ph.D. Laura A. Regan Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2018,63(2):395-402
Isoscape refinement is an essential component for accurately predicting region‐of‐origin in forensic investigations involving isotope analysis of unidentified human remains. Stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotopes were measured from 57 tap water samples collected across Mississippi to model refined isoscapes for the state. A tap water conversion equation, δ18Otw=1.64 δ18Op?31.35, was developed for the southeastern USA to test the prediction accuracy of the δ18Otw isoscape using individuals with known residential histories. A local Mississippi resident (USAFA‐134) was assigned with 90% probability to the correct region‐of‐origin reported by the participant. Assignments for Georgia residents (USAFA‐118 and USAFA‐205) had variable results, predicting USAFA‐118 from Mississippi and USAFA‐205 as a nonlocal resident. Stable isotope values often overlap geographically and a multi‐isotope approach should be used when narrowing region(s)‐of‐origin(s). This study demonstrates the utility of refining isoscapes and the importance of tissue calibration in prediction assignments of human remains. 相似文献
37.
Graham Amber A. Mac Giollabhui Naoise Stumper Allison Abramson Lyn Y. Alloy Lauren B. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2021,50(8):1726-1737
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Negative inferential style is a cognitive vulnerability for depression. Yet, few studies have explored how this risk factor intersects with culturally-specific... 相似文献
38.
Skull-photo superimposition and border deaths: identification through exclusion and the failure to exclude 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We report on the application of video skull-photo superimposition as an identification method in a case from Ajo, Arizona in which five individuals died after crossing into southern Arizona from Mexico. Initial analyses at the Pima County Forensic Science Center in Tucson, Arizona determined that the disarticulated skeletal remains represented two adult Hispanic males and three adult Hispanic females. Based on biological profiles, both the males and one of the females were tentatively identified and assigned names. The other two females were too similar in age and height, making skeletal separation and identification difficult. As a result, the Michigan State University Forensic Anthropology Laboratory assisted in the identification efforts by performing video skull-photo superimposition on the two unknown females. The skulls were compared to a photograph reported to be one of the missing females. By evaluating facial proportionality and by comparing a number of morphological features of the face and skulls, one skull was excluded as a possible match and one skull was not excluded as a match to the antemortem photo. Because this case was presumed to be a closed disaster, the exclusion of one skull and the failure to exclude the other represented circumstantial identifications. 相似文献
39.
It has long been an established view that children who attend high-quality early learning programs are more likely to be school ready. However, some studies have found that program quality is not as important to child outcomes as is participating in some form of early learning. This study aimed to compare 2 early learning classrooms in the same school with different quality standards to determine whether the differences in quality significantly affected children's developmental gains during the academic year. Results indicated no significant differences in the developmental outcomes of children on the basis of classroom type. One possible explanation for the lack of differences is that both classrooms were in the same school. Other studies have found that child care programs benefit from partnerships with programs that have higher quality standards. The findings demonstrate a need for further research about the benefits of child care program partnerships. 相似文献
40.
Amber Lascelles 《African and Black Diaspora: An International Journal》2020,13(2):227-240
ABSTRACTMigrating to the US is transformative in the short stories in Edwidge Danticat's Krik? Krak! and Chimamanda Adichie's The Thing Around Your Neck. The currents of Blackness, gender and class alter their characters' experiences of the world, shaped by the global flows of migration taking place under neoliberal capitalism. This essay explores the nuanced and conflicting ways diaspora and post-diaspora spaces can facilitate Black feminist resistance in Danticat's ‘Caroline's Wedding' and Adichie's ‘Imitation'. I offer a Black feminist analysis, paying attention to the literary body as the site where tensions are dramatised. My reading of Danticat's and Adichie’s short stories leads to a progressive reconsideration of diaspora. 相似文献