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171.
The rise of bloggers raises the vexing question of why blogs have any influence at all, given their relatively low readership and lack of central organization. We argue that to answer this question we need to focus on two key factors—the unequal distribution of readers across weblogs, and the relatively high readership of blogs among journalists and other political elites. The unequal distribution of readership, combined with internal norms and linking practices allows interesting news and opinions to rise to the “top” of the blogosphere, and thus to the attention of elite actors, whose understanding of politics may be changed by frames adopted from the blogosphere. 相似文献
172.
Amy McKay 《Public Choice》2008,136(1-2):69-86
Political scientists have developed accepted numerical estimates of political ideology for legislators, candidates, parties and even nations, but interest groups lack such scores. This absence puts interest group research at a disadvantage compared to other subfields. I generate ideology scores for 72 groups across 10 years by combining groups’ evaluations of Members of Congress with Poole and Rosenthal’s estimates of Members’ ideologies. Alternative methods are explored, and the validity of the scores is demonstrated. Examinations of the scores focus on the relative distribution of groups and Members of Congress and the link between a group’s ideology and its campaign contributions. 相似文献
173.
This paper draws on an original survey and on the 2004 NES to explore the complexity of contemporary American conservatism.
In both datasets, we find evidence that economic and cultural conservatism stand as distinct strands of conservative attitudes.
The original survey also allows us to further explore the role of beliefs about the market in economic conservatism. In the
end, we find little support for either liberal hopes of fundamental ideological conflict among conservatives or conservative
hopes of ideological fusion. Instead, our data suggests that a particular type of ideological coexistence among economic and
cultural conservatives is the norm.
相似文献
Amy GanglEmail: |
174.
Amy Kapczynski 《The Journal of law, medicine & ethics》2009,37(2):264-268
This commentary offers a response to the Sonderholm, Bird, and Flynn et al. articles, and argues that the current innovation crisis requires more ambitious approaches, as well as a serious consideration of alternative mechanisms for R&D such as prizes. 相似文献
175.
Leanna Stiefel Amy Ellen Schwartz Ingrid Gould Ellen 《Journal of policy analysis and management》2007,26(1):7-30
We examine the size and distribution of the gap in test scores across races within New York City public schools and the factors that explain these gaps. While gaps are partially explained by differences in student characteristics, such as poverty, differences in schools attended are also important. At the same time, substantial within‐school gaps remain and are only partly explained by differences in academic preparation across students from different race groups. Controlling for differences in classrooms attended explains little of the remaining gap, suggesting little role for within‐school inequities in resources. There is some evidence that school characteristics matter. Race gaps are negatively correlated with school size—implying small schools may be helpful. In addition, the trade‐off between the size and experience of the teaching staff in urban schools may carry unintended consequences for within‐school race gaps. © 2006 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management. 相似文献
176.
Athletic Involvement and Adolescent Delinquency 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Miller KE Melnick MJ Barnes GM Sabo D Farrell MP 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(5):711-723
Athough conventional wisdom suggests that organized sport deters delinquency by building character, structuring adolescents’
time, and providing incentives for socially approved behavior, the empirical evidence to date has been mixed. Based on a sample
of approximately 600 Western New York adolescents, the present study examined how self-reported jock identity, school athlete
status, and frequency of athletic activity differentially influenced a range of delinquent behaviors. Neither athlete status
nor frequency of athletic activity predicted these behaviors; however, jock identity was associated with significantly more
incidents of delinquency. This finding was robust across both gender and race. Follow-up analyses indicated that jock identity
facilitated both minor and major delinquency, with major delinquency effects for white but not black adolescents.
Research scientist at the Research Institute on Addictions and adjunct assistant professor of sociology at the University
at Buffalo, SUNY. Her research interests focus primarily on adolescent and young adult health-risk behaviors such as substance
use, sexual risk-taking, and suicidality. She is the principal investigator of a exploratory study of athletic involvement,
gender, and substance use by college students.
Professor of physical education and sport at S.U.N.Y. Brockport for 33 years. A native New Yorker, he has also held adjunct
faculty appointments at universities in Finland, Israel, England, New Zealand, and Norway. He has authored or edited nearly
a hundred publications in physical education, sociology of sport, and social psychology of sport, including Sports Fans: The Psychology and Social Impact of Spectators (Routledge) and Contemporary Issues in Sociology of Sport (Human Kinetics).
Senior research scientist at the Research Institute on Addictions and adjunct associate professor of sociology at the University
at Buffalo, SUNY. Her research interests include family influences on the development of adolescent substance use and other
problem behaviors, including gambling.
Professor of sociology at D’Youville College, and director of the Center for Research on Physical Activity, Sport & Health.
He has conducted numerous nationwide studies of the links among sport, health, and educational outcomes. An avid scholar on
gender relations, his recent book Prison Masculinities (Temple University) focuses on the USA prison system.
Professor of sociology at the University at Buffalo, SUNY. Author of numerous articles and books on adolescent and parental
development in families and groups, his most recent book is Collaborative Circles: Friendship Dynamics and Creative Work (University of Chicago). 相似文献
177.
Elkind’s (1967) theory of adolescent egocentrism proposes two distinct, but related, constructs – the imaginary audience and the personal fable. A corollary to the imaginary audience, the personal fable (PF) yields a sense of invulnerability and speciality commonly
associated with behavioral risk-taking. When regarded as a developmental phenomenon, risk-taking is thought to be the result
of cognitive immaturity. However, few adolescent health programs address the egocentric dimension of decision making. We believe
that a valid and reliable measure of PF would aid assessment of risk-taking potential and inform preventive interventions.
The present paper reports the results of a newly constructed measure of PF and its relation to risk-taking behavior. The following
three hypotheses were tested using data from an availability sample of 119 middle school students: 1. PF scores will increase
with age; 2. males will score higher than females on the invulnerability dimension of PF; and 3. PF and risk-taking will be
positively correlated. As predicted, PF scores increased significantly across the age range studied. Of the two PF dimensions,
only invulnerability significantly varied across grades. Males reported significantly higher invulnerability scores than females,
and PF and risk-taking were positively correlated. Suggestions for the implementation of this new and, arguably, reliable
and valid scale are presented.
Amy Alberts, M. A., is currently pursuing a doctoral degree in Applied Child Development at the Eliot-Pearson Department of
Child Development, Tufts University. Ms. Alberts’ research interests include psychosocial adjustment during the pubertal transition
and adolescent-parent relationships.
David Elkind, Ph.D. is Professor of Child Development at Tufts University. His research has been in the areas of social and
cognitive development, building upon the research and theory of Jean Piaget. His latest book, The Power of Play will be Published
by DaCapo Press in 2007. I have served on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Youth and Adolescence for almost two decades.
Although Dan and I have not always agreed on adolescent issues it has always been a responsible, mutually respecting disagreement.
As an editor, Dan has always been sensitive, thoughtful and supportive, a pleasure to work with and for.
Stephen Ginsberg is a senior at Tufts University and is currently applying to graduate programs in clinical psychology. 相似文献
178.
179.
The role of speedy trial in state proceedings is empirically investigated for defendants in criminal homicide (N=444). Employing multiple regression techniques, an assessment is made of the relationship between the length of time involved in defendants' legal processing, their sociolegal status, and the final dispositions awarded by the court. The findings show that blacks and jailed defendants are processed more swiftly than their white and bailed counterparts. The consitutional guarantee of speedy trial also appears to be a state resource, in that cases adjudicated promptly result in higher conviction rates than those which are delayed. This is especially so for defendants who are not released on bail, and may be attributed to the prosecutorial success that accompanies the availability of witnesses whose memories are unclouded by time and the existence of a social climate that calls for retribution. While not related to postponement in the present study, it is suggested that the efforts of counsel in obtaining delay may become increasingly important with the adoption of the new federal guidelines. 相似文献
180.