Unterscheidung zwischen Geschäftsraummiete und Unternehmenspacht im Wiener Prater

Der Wiener Prater kann – jedenfalls im ma?geblichen Zeitpunkt des Abschlusses des gegenst?ndlichen Bestandvertrages – mit einem Einkaufszentrum keineswegs verglichen werden. Eher l?sst sich die historische Entwicklung des Praters als Vergnügungsgel?nde mit der einer prosperierenden Gesch?ftsstra?e gleichsetzen, w?hrend dem Betrieb eines Einkaufszentrums allenfalls vergleichbare, die Besucherfrequenz steigernde unternehmerische Initiativen der Kl offenbar erst in jüngerer Zeit ergriffen wurden. Der Umstand, dass ein Vergnügungspark typischerweise eine nicht unerhebliche Besucherfrequenz aufweist, kann zur Qualifizierung als Pachtverh?ltnis nichts beitragen, zumal dies auch auf jeden Mietvertrag über Gesch?ftsr?umlichkeiten in einer Gesch?ftsstra?e zutrifft, ohne dass sich ein einzelner Vermieter darauf berufen k?nne, einen "Kundenstock" dadurch bereitzustellen, dass er bestimmte allgemeine Aktivit?ten in der Umgebung des Bestandobjektes setzt. Für die Unterscheidung zwischen Gesch?ftsraummiete und Unternehmenspacht lassen sich keine allgemein gültigen Regeln aufstellen, sondern dies kann stets nur unter Bedachtnahme auf die Gesamtheit der Umst?nde des Einzelfalles entschieden werden.     

Erhaltungspflicht des Vermieters im MRG-Vollanwendungsbereich; Mietzinsminderung verdrängt Zurückbehaltungsrecht

Dort, wo die Erhaltungspflicht des § 3 MRG zum Tragen kommt, ist kein Platz mehr für eine Anwendung der Erhaltungspflichten des § 1096 Abs 1 erster Satz ABGB. § 3 MRG erweitert zwar die Erhaltungspflicht des Vermieters auf allgemeine Teile, diese Erhaltungspflicht ist aber auch daran gebunden, dass ein Grund des § 3 Abs 2 MRG gegeben ist. Der "dynamische" Erhaltungsbegriff gilt nur zur gesetzlichen Erhaltungspflicht. Das dem Mieter durch § 1096 ABGB gew?hrte zwingende Zinsminderungsrecht verdr?ngt für seinen Anwendungsbereich das allgemeine Zurückbehaltungsrecht des § 1052 ABGB.     

Cannibalistically intended homicide following a media report

Inspired by media reports on the cannibalistically motivated homicide in Rotenburg (German state of Hesse), a man in Berlin with homosexual tendencies decided to realize his longstanding fantasies of slaughtering someone. He killed another homosexual man and dismembered his victim, while the motive changed from an offensive and necrophile to a defensive dismemberment of the body. The parallels between the two homicides are presented and discussed.     

Using the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG) to predict in-prison aggressive behavior in a Swiss offender population

The present study is a first-time evaluation of the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide's (VRAG) predictive quality for institutional violence in a German-speaking country. The VRAG was assessed for 106 violent and sexual offenders based on their files. Violent infractions during imprisonment were evaluated using the files of the state penitentiary. Results show in accordance with previous studies only a moderate effect between VRAG scores and institutional misconduct. However, these findings were only significant for participants with a sex crime as index offense. In the study, the VRAG was unable to predict verbal and physical violence by violent offenders. The implications of these findings for institutional risk management and the future development of intramural detection of participants at risk in the German-speaking part of Europe are discussed.     

A policy for enhancing the disclosure of university faculty invention

Faculty scientists often avoid disclosing their inventions to the university’s technology licensing office (TLO), opting instead to self-license their invention. As this paper argues, TLO’s can achieve full disclosure by allowing faculty scientists to self-license their invention in return for some form of non-pecuniary “insurance”, just in case they fail in self-licensing their technology.     

The influence of brain abnormalities on psychosocial development, criminal history and paraphilias in sexual murderers

The aim of this study was to investigate the number and type of brain abnormalities and their influence on psychosocial development, criminal history and paraphilias in sexual murderers. We analyzed psychiatric court reports of 166 sexual murderers and compared a group with notable signs of brain abnormalities (N = 50) with those without any signs (N = 116). Sexual murderers with brain abnormalities suffered more from early behavior problems. They were less likely to cohabitate with the victim at the time of the homicide and had more victims at the age of six years or younger. Psychiatric diagnoses revealed a higher total number of paraphilias: Transvestic fetishism and paraphilias not otherwise specified were more frequent in offenders with brain abnormalities. A binary logistic regression identified five predictors that accounted for 46.8% of the variance explaining the presence of brain abnormalities. Our results suggest the importance of a comprehensive neurological and psychological examination of this special offender group.     

The case of a corpse found in a fox's den--forensic and criminological aspects

Whenever foul play is suspected in a death, the forensic pathologist is required to examine the corpse where it is found. In the case described here, the unusual location of the corpse initially led investigators to suspect a crime was involved. A thorough examination of the site and the autopsy results ultimately pointed to a not-violent manner of death, although the advanced state of decomposition made it impossible to determine the exact cause of death. The fact that the victim crawled into a fox's den to die can be interpreted as a primitive reaction in a case of death due to hypothermia. Criminological aspects of the case are also discussed.     

Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff’s “Fürsten Stat” and the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha

This paper deals with the formation of the territorial state in Gotha during the time in which Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff was involved, starting in 1640, and with the relations between the theoretical explanations of the state in Seckendorff’s book “Teutscher Fürsten Stat,” first published in 1656, and his political environment in Gotha. It shows that Seckendorff’s maxims often corresponded to real politics there. But at the same time, there were grave differences in such fundamental issues as the personal regimen of the prince and the organization of the administration or the financing of the court.     

Decapitation due to early post-mortem canine gnawing

A 53-year-old male was found dead in his home. The deceased's head, almost totally skeletonized, was lying at a distance of about 150 cm from the thorax inlet. The other occupant of the flat was a mongrel sheepdog. The autopsy conducted for the inquest established extensive damage to soft tissue in the head, neck and chest. The second to sixth cervical vertebrae were missing. The seventh cervical vertebra and the right first rib displayed bone lesions. The tissue injuries were attributed in the diagnosis to post-mortem canine gnawing. Cause of death was given as intermittent haemorrhaging of the gastro-intestinal tract from oesophageal varices in a status of hepatic cirrhosis. There was no indication that death had been caused by another party. About two days were estimated to have elapsed since death. Attention is drawn to this doubtless rare instance of total decapitation of the deceased with displacement of the head caused by a dog during the early post-mortem period.