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71.
This article uses state-level data on cirrhosis death ratesto examine the impact of state prohibitions, pre-1920 federalantialcohol policies, and constitutional prohibition on cirrhosis.State prohibitions had a minimal impact on cirrhosis, especiallyduring the pre-1920 period. Pre-1920 federal antialcohol policiesmay have contributed to the decline in cirrhosis that occurredbefore 1920, although other factors were likely substantialinfluences as well. Constitutional Prohibition reduced cirrhosisby about 1020%. 相似文献
72.
73.
Angela Melville Amy Barrow Patrick Morgan 《International Journal of the Legal Profession》2020,27(1):3-24
ABSTRACTAcademics are becoming increasingly internationally mobile, and yet there is still limited research into the nature, outcomes and limits of academic mobility. This paper examines the biographies of over 700 academics employed within Australian law schools. It identifies legal academics who hold academics qualifications have been employed outside of Australia. Almost a quarter of legal academics in our sample hold a first degree outside of Australia, over a third hold a non-Australian post-graduate degree. While it could be expected that possessing international experience would broaden an academic’s cultural experiences, we also found that the internationally mobile academics have typically studied and worked previously within an elite international law school, and are now employed within an elite Australian law school. In addition, experiences of international mobility are not equally distributed, and male legal academics are significantly more likely to have international experience than female legal academics. 相似文献
74.
75.
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune connective tissue disorder that affects multiple organs. While the clinical manifestations may vary in intensity over time and be associated with chronic disease, occasional cases occur where sudden and unexpected death has occurred. Cardiovascular disease is common, with accelerated atherosclerosis, intravascular thrombosis associated with antiphospholipid syndrome, and hypertensive cardiomegaly. Vasculitis with superimposed thrombosis may result in critical reduction in blood to vital organs, such as the heart and brain with infarction. Mesenteric ischemia may be caused by vasculitis, thrombosis, and accelerated atherosclerosis and may result in lethal intestinal infarction. Other diverse causes of sudden death include myocarditis, epilepsy, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary thromboembolism, and sepsis. The autopsy evaluation of such cases requires careful examination of all organs with extensive histological sampling to include blood vessels, and microbiological sampling for bacteria, viruses, and fungi. 相似文献
76.
We examined police occurrence and criminal records data for a sample of 201 registered male child pornography offenders originally
reported by Seto and Eke (Sex Abus J Res Treat 17:201–210, 2005), extending the average follow-up time for this sample to 5.9 years. In addition, we obtained the same data for another 340
offenders, increasing our full sample to 541 men, with a total average follow-up of 4.1 years. In the extended follow-up of
the original sample, 34% of offenders had new charges for any type of reoffense, with 6% charged with a contact sexual offense
against a child and an additional 3% charged with historical contact sex offenses (i.e., previously undetected offenses).
For the full sample, there was a 32% any recidivism rate; 4% of offenders were charged with new contact sex offences, an additional
2% of offenders were charged with historical contact sex offenses and 7% of offenders were charged with a new child pornography
offense. Predictors of new violent (including sexual contact) offending were prior offense history, including violent history,
and younger offender age. Approximately a quarter of the sample was sanctioned for a failure on conditional release; in half
of these failures, the offenders were in contact with children or used the internet, often to access pornography again. 相似文献
77.
Jennings WG Gover AR Piquero AR 《International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology》2011,55(8):1272-1290
Although most research and policy in the mental health and criminal justice arenas have operated independently of one another, there is a growing consensus suggesting the need for an integration of these two disparate, yet complementary systems. Furthermore, in light of the adverse mental health consequences that often accompany victimization experiences, it is apparent that these two systems should develop and foster overlapping services for crime victims. The research reviewed herein provides an examination of issues such as these, identifies some of the barriers that stand in the way of a successful integration of the two systems, and attempts to provide some guidance and direction for future integrated mental health and criminal justice system approaches. An outline of research gaps and directions for future study are offered for the integration of criminal justice and mental health systems, as such collaborations are likely to alleviate some of the deleterious mental health outcomes evident among crime victims and at the same time reduce the occurrence of repeat victimization. 相似文献
78.
Wesley G. Jennings MiRang Park Elizabeth A. Tomsich Angela R. Gover Ronald L. Akers 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2011,36(2):188-206
Research has recently begun to identify an overlap of involvement in offending and victimization and a shared commonality
of risk factors for both outcomes. Despite this growing body of evidence, this research has yet to have been extended to dating
violence in general and in cross cultural samples specifically. Recognizing these gaps in the literature, the current study
examines the correlation between psychological and physical dating violence perpetration and victimization among a large sample
of South Korean college students. Results from a series of bivariate probit models suggest that there is a strong degree of
overlap between dating violence perpetration and victimization and that social learning theory and self-control theory cannot
explain away the overlap. Study limitations and implications are also discussed. 相似文献
79.
Nicholle A. Hill Kamilah M. Woodson Angela D. Ferguson Carlton W. Parks Jr. 《Journal of family violence》2012,27(5):401-413
The purpose of this article is to present an intersectionality-based model for conceptualizing the risk factors associated with intimate partner abuse (IPA) among African American lesbians. The available literature on prevalence and risk factors associated with IPA suggests that: (a) estimates of prevalence rates for African American lesbian IPA could range from 25?% to 40?%, with the higher end of the range representing the inclusion of nonphysical forms of abuse (i.e., verbal abuse, intimidation, and coercion); and (b) the risk factors most likely to be associated with IPA for this population include poverty, history of trauma and mental health symptoms (including substance abuse), in addition to distress caused by multiple and intersecting forms of oppression (i.e., racialized, classist sexism and heterosexism). The model demonstrates the manner in which all of these risk factors intersect to create disproportionately high risk for this underresearched and underserved population. A psychodynamically based model is also presented that illustrates the cycle of abuse within an African American lesbian relationship. Finally, a model depicting the most likely protective factors segues into a brief concluding discussion about the implications for intervention, prevention, policy, education, and future research. 相似文献
80.
Catherine Kaukinen Angela R. Gover Jennifer L. Hartman 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2012,37(2):146-162
Using a sample of female college students involved in a current dating relationship, we investigate the nature of violence
in these intimate relationships to better understand the concept of violence mutuality. To do so we explore womens’ experiences
with violence as both perpetrators and victims and examine the prevalence, chronicity, and severity of violence experienced
by young women. We also examine whether there are differences in experiences of violence for women in casual versus exclusive
dating relationships. Our findings suggest that when violence is present in a dating relationship it is likely to occur within
a mutually violent relationship where women are both victims and perpetrators of violence. More importantly, within these
mutually violent relationships, women reported being more likely to perpetrate violence at higher rates than they experience
as victims. We find no notable differences in experiences with violence among those in casual versus exclusive relationships.
The methodological limitations and policy implications of our findings are discussed. 相似文献