The aim of this short essay is to highlight and concisely explore—but not address in depth—some cultural aspects related to legal languages, legal interpretation and legal translation. We would like to consider briefly the following questions: How can elements of legal language, as exemplified by proper names and euphemisms, be connected with cultural (extra-linguistic) factors influencing language units’ formation? How can judicial discourse reflect the culture of a given justice system? How can the legal interpretation affect the degree of legal culture? Are theories of legal interpretation universal or applicable to specific legal cultures? What is the impact of culture on the context of legal translation? How can the cultural background affect the decision to use terms in translation? How does cyberculture impact legal translation?
Dating in adolescence plays an integral part in the development of sexual and social identities. This process is particularly
salient for sexual minority youth who face additional obstacles to their identity formation due to their marginalized status.
We investigated the influence of participating in a same-sex relationship (SSR) or an opposite-sex relationship (OSR) on sexual
minority youths’ psychological well-being (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety and internalized homophobia, and self-esteem)
in an ethnically-diverse sample of 350 youth (55% male) between the ages of 15–19 years, recruited from three GLBT drop-in
centers in the New York City area. Using longitudinal data, we examined youths’ SSR and OSR over time. Multivariate regression
analyses suggest that involvement in a SSR was positively associated with changes in self-esteem in males, and negatively
correlated with changes in internalized homophobia in females. We discuss the implications for positive development in sexual
minority adolescent populations. 相似文献
This study examined the role of adolescents’ and mothers’ self-reports of English and heritage language proficiency in youth’s
academic and emotional adjustment among 444 Chinese American families. Adolescents who were proficient in English tended to
exhibit higher reading achievement scores, math achievement scores, and overall GPA. Mothers who were English proficient tended
to have children with higher academic achievement and fewer depressive symptoms. Results also indicated that adolescents’
heritage language maintenance was associated with positive adjustment, particularly amongst foreign-born youth and for youth
whose parents were highly proficient in the heritage language. Mother-adolescent match in heritage language proficiency was
related to higher math achievement scores and overall GPA. Additionally, higher heritage language proficiency was associated
with fewer depressive symptoms for foreign-born but not U.S.-born youth. Overall, the findings suggest that proficiency in
both the English and heritage language may confer advantages to Chinese American youth.
Lisa L. LiuEmail:
Lisa L. Liu
is a doctoral student in the Clinical Psychology Program at the University of California, Los Angeles, where she received
her Masters in Clinical Psychology. Her research interests focus on the mental health of immigrant and minority families,
including the role of parenting practices, parent–child relations, and socio-cultural factors on youth adjustment.
Aprile D. Benner
is a postdoctoral fellow at the Population Research Center at the University of Texas at Austin. She received her Ph.D. in
Education at the University of California, Los Angeles. Her research interests center on adolescent development of low-income
and minority youth, specifically investigating how adolescents navigate transition experiences in the early life course and
how social contexts influence development.
Anna S. Lau
is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of California, Los Angeles where she also received
her Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology. A major objective of her research is to enhance the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions
for ethnic minority families and children at risk of parenting and child behavior problems. She has authored over 30 articles
in the fields of children’s mental health services, child maltreatment, and minority family adjustment.
Su Yeong Kim
is an Assistant Professor in the School of Human Ecology, Department of Human Development and Family Sciences at the University
of Texas at Austin. She received her Ph.D. in Human Development from the University of California, Davis. Her research interests
include the role of cultural and family contexts that shape the development of adolescents in immigrant and minority families
in the U.S. 相似文献
In most poor countries, basic services in rural areas are less accessible and of lower quality than those in urban settings. In this article, we investigate the subnational geography of service delivery and its relationship with citizens' perceptions of their government by analyzing the relationship between service access, satisfaction with services and government, and the distance to urban centers for more than 21,000 survey respondents across 17 African countries. We confirm that access to services and service satisfaction suffer from a spatial gradient. However, distant citizens are less likely than their urban peers to translate service dissatisfaction into discontent with their government; distant citizens have more trust in government and more positive evaluations of both local and national officials. Our findings suggest that increasing responsiveness and accountability to citizens as a means of improving remote rural services may face more limits than promoters of democratic governance and citizen‐centered accountability presume. 相似文献
This article presents evidence of a global trend of autocratization. The most visible feature of democracy – elections – remains strong and is even improving in some places. Autocratization mainly affects non-electoral aspects of democracy such as media freedom, freedom of expression, and the rule of law, yet these in turn threaten to undermine the meaningfulness of elections. While the majority of the world’s population lives under democratic rule, 2.5 billion people were subjected to autocratization in 2017. Last year, democratic qualities were in decline in 24 countries across the world, many of which are populous such as India and the United States. This article also presents evidence testifying that men and wealthy groups tend to have a strong hold on political power in countries where 86% of the world population reside. Further, we show that political exclusion based on socio-economic status in particular is becoming increasingly severe. For instance, the wealthy have gained significantly more power in countries home to 1.9 billion of the world’s population over the past decade. 相似文献
The study purpose was to assess the impact of public sector audit on investment climate formation under the COVID-19 pandemic and to develop recommendations to improve its effectiveness. For this purpose, a multistage research project was developed with the participation of auditors from Russia, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine. The project was based on the primary information obtained in the course of expert interviews. Testing the methodological approach with experts from these countries allowed proving the main study hypotheses, according to which the public sector audit has an indirect positive impact on investment climate formation. Such an audit influences the main impact factors through improving public administration efficiency, the fight against corruption, and the provision of the regulatory framework. During the testing, the main directions for improving public audit for a more favorable investment climate were formulated. The developed methodological approach makes it possible to obtain an expert assessment of the impact of the public audit on investment climate formation. At the same time, partial use of statistical methods makes it possible to replicate the study in the form of an expert interview, which increases its attractiveness for researchers in conditions of shortage of qualified interviewers. 相似文献
Impressions of friction ridges left on a surface are important evidence for identifying an individual and can be used to confirm his or her presence at the scene of an incident. Factors influencing the durability of fingerprints include the physiological characteristics and cleanliness of the individual, environmental factors, and time. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of atmospheric factors, gender, hand cleanliness and time on the width of friction ridge impressions and the amount of material forming the print. The research shows that factors such as gender, ambient conditions, and hand cleanliness affect the width of the ridge impressions and the quantity of material forming the print. The passage of time significantly reduces both the width of the ridge impressions and the quantity of the material forming the print. 相似文献
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - National trends show that African American adolescents, relative to most other demographic groups, are more religious, and show fewer declines in religiosity,... 相似文献
This article aims to explore whether ICT-enabled real-time data (RTD) systems can help to improve the operationalisation of adaptive management of international development programmes. Using a qualitative multi-method approach consisting of 48 semi-structured key expert interviews and four exploratory case studies, we found that RTD can successfully inform rapid tactical adaptive management in development programmes but is, on its own, of only limited use for most strategic adaptive management. The research identified multiple contextual barriers to the use of RTD for adaptive management. These barriers need to be addressed to realise the full potential of real-time adaptive management of programmes. 相似文献
This article examines collective attitudes of American and Russian students toward national historical events that elicit pride or shame. The authors use the results of a quantitative questionnaire and analysis of in-depth interviews among students of leading American and Russian universities to identify the temporal localization, the content structure, and the prevalence of either hard or soft power in students’ attitudes of pride or shame. The authors argue that perceptions of the past have been a core component of national identity and may have an impact on citizens’ political behavior in the present. The authors also stress that major differences in young people’s understanding of the past may influence future US–Russia relations. 相似文献