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121.
Anna Konrad Silvia Haag Gerold Scherner Till Amelung Klaus M. Beier 《Journal of Sexual Aggression》2017,23(3):266-277
Little is known about overall psychological distress in paedophiles who are not formally involved with the criminal justice system. Since knowledge in this context could help to optimise intervention efforts, this study aimed to examine the association between distress as measured with the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and preference- and offence-related variables in a sample of N?=?455 men self-reporting sexual interest in children, of whom 402 were diagnosed as paedophiles. Results showed that 59% reported clinically relevant levels of distress, with paedophiles being significantly more distressed than teleiophiles. A regression analysis revealed that a paedophilic preference and prior detection were relevant predictors for distress. However, past offending behaviour had no impact and the major part of variance could not be explained. The results suggest that paedophilia is associated with distress, but other factors influence whether a paedophilic man is distressed on a clinically significant level. 相似文献
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Within current neo-liberal approaches to development, models of community-driven development assume that community-based workers (CBWs) are key actors in improved and accessible service delivery. We argue that use of CBWs is under-theorised and seems to be based largely on untested assumptions about community participation and responsibility. Drawing on case studies on potable-water management and home-based care for HIV/AIDS patients in Tanzania and South Africa, the article explores issues of accountability, professionalism, and personal motivations in systems involving CBWs. It argues that many assumptions in relation to the effectiveness of CBW programmes require re-visiting. 相似文献
124.
Delisi M Trulson CR Marquart JW Drury AJ Kosloski AE 《International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology》2011,55(8):1186-1207
The importation model is a venerable theoretical explanation for inmate misconduct but it has not been extended in nearly 50 years. The current study advances a life course importation model of inmate behavior where life events in childhood cascade to predict antisocial behavior during adolescence and misconduct occurring during periods of confinement. Based on data from 2,520 institutionalized male delinquents, ordinary least squares, logistic, and negative binomial regression models indicated that family background variables were largely predictive of multiple facets of delinquent careers. Negative binomial regression models of institutional misconduct indicated that proximal delinquent career variables were more consistently associated with misconduct than distal family background factors. Because institutional behavior can be understood as the importing of family deprivation experiences and chronic delinquency, the life course importation model is a useful conceptual framework to study crime over the life course, even including periods of confinement. 相似文献
125.
Witnessing intimate partner violence (IPV) is a frightening experience that affects children’s development and well-being.
This study examines experiences of IPV from the perspective of children. Interviews with 14 children between 8 and 12 years
of age were analyzed using a thematic method. Three main themes were identified: how children talked about abuse of their
mother, described their own actions, and related to or handled memories of violence. Most children confirmed that their mother
had been the victim of abuse, but had difficulties describing these experiences. Narratives were often incoherent and difficult
to fully understand. In contrast, most of the children seemed to find it easier to describe their own actions during violence
and conflicts. Not thinking about IPV was a strategy that aimed at reducing unwanted memories; it is also a strategy that
may obstruct creating a narrative. 相似文献
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Determining the cause for the sudden death in young adults tends to be complex and difficult. Two cases of death of young people were autoptically investigated who died suddenly while carrying out their hobbies (a 22-year-old male musician and a 20-year-old female dancer). In both cases neither the police investigation, the autopsy, nor the toxicological investigations gave any relevant results. However, when investigating the histology fatty and fibrotic tissue in the right ventricle of the myocardium were found, whereas the myocytes proved to be degenerated--typical for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). It is important to consider the possibility of heart rhythm failure if a clear reason for sudden death in young adults cannot be detected. Heart rhythm failure often involves the genetic background of the case, which suggests that genetic analysis should be carried out as a supportive means of diagnostics. 相似文献
129.
Pittman Russell; Diaconu Oana; Sip Emanual; Tomova Anna; Wronka Jerzy 《Journal of Competition Law and Economics》2007,3(4):673-687
The railways of Russia and the Central and Eastern Europeancountries are in the process of restructuring. In most cases,the "vertical separation" reform model is being pursued, andreformers are seeking to introduce competition among freighttrain operators through the provision of "open access" to themonopoly infrastructure. This paper shows that, in two countries,Poland and Romania, a good deal of competition has been createdby the entry of new freight operators, many of them either largeshippers integrating upstream or former freight forwarders.However, in other countries, the incumbent freight operatorsretain virtually 100 percent of the market. In particular, Russiahas taken only the very first steps toward creating competitionin this sector, and new freight train operators face significantbarriers to competing with the incumbent. 相似文献
130.
In this study, we respond to calls for further investigation on why and how scientists choose to commercialize their research.
Mowery (University entrepreneurship and technology transfer: process design, and intellectual property, Elsevier, Oxford 2005), in his criticism of the US-system, emphasizes the need for multiple channels between university and industry. His argument
makes the case of Sweden interesting, where the researchers own the intellectual property of their research. Sweden thus constitutes
a unique case where data can be found on which choices researchers make in a setting where a variety of channels for transfer
are available. Our empirical data, collected through case studies, allowed for the expansion of the typology for mechanisms
for transfer of academic research as well as the development of a typology for determinants for researchers’ choice to engage
in transfer of research. Apart from those contributions to the theoretic discussion, the data also provided policy implications. 相似文献