Repeated arson: data from criminal records.

The criminal careers of all arsonists convicted in former West-Germany between 1983 and 1985 who were found not to be responsible due to diminished responsibility for psychiatric reasons and a random sample (every third) of all criminally liable arsonists during the same period of time were followed up until 1994 by means of their trial records. Reappearance before the court for arson did not differ between the groups. When subjects are grouped by the additional occurrence of crimes other than arson, however, arsonists with diminished responsibility are the most problematic group: In comparison with all other subgroups, the arsonists who were partly responsible who did not commit any crimes other than arson showed the highest number of fire-setting incidents. Among the arsonists who committed other crimes as well, arsonists with diminished responsibility had the highest number of additional offences.     

Unzulässigkeit eines Individualantrages auf Aufhebung des Mietrechtlichen InflationslinderungsG

Der Individualantrag eines Hauseigentümers auf Aufhebung des Mietrechtlichen Inflationslinderungsgesetzes betreffend die ?nderung von Richtwerten ist infolge Zumutbarkeit der Beschreitung des gerichtlichen Rechtsweges in einem mietrechtlichen Au?erstreitverfahren unzul?ssig und daher zurückzuweisen.     

Attributions of Blame and Responsibility in Sexual Harassment: Reexamining a Psychological Model

Kelley’s (Nebr Symp Motiv 15:192–238, 1967) attribution theory can inform sexual harassment research by identifying how observers use consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness information in determining whether a target or perpetrator is responsible for a sexual harassment situation. In this study, Kelley’s theory is applied to a scenario in which a male perpetrator sexually harasses a female target in a university setting. Results from 314 predominantly female college students indicate that consistency and consensus information significantly affect participants’ judgments of blame and responsibility for the situation. The authors discuss the importance of the reference groups used to derive consensus and distinctiveness information, and reintroduce Kelley’s attribution theory as a means of understanding observers’ perceptions of sexual harassment.     

Infectious disease surveillance in the United States and the United Kingdom: from public goods to the challenges of new technologies

Infectious diseases are a long-standing and continuing threat to health and welfare, with their containment dependent on national disease surveillance and response capacities. This article discusses infectious disease surveillance in the United States and the United Kingdom, examining historical national traditions for identifying and controlling infectious disease risks and how globalization and technical advances have influenced the evolution of their respective approaches. The two systems developed in different but parallel ways. In the United States, surveillance remained quite localized at the state level until the early twentieth century and still retains many of those features. The U.K. approach became centralized from the latter part of the nineteenth century and has principally remained so. In both cases, disease surveillance was traditionally conceived as a public good, where national or local authorities held sovereign rights and power to protect public health. With the increasing globalized nature of infectious disease, such notions shifted toward surveillance as a global public good, with countries responding in turn by creating new global health governance arrangements and regulations. However, the limitations of current surveillance systems and the strong hold of national interests place into question the provision of surveillance as a global public good. These issues are further highlighted with the introduction of new surveillance technologies, which offer opportunities for improved disease detection and identification but also create potential tensions between individual rights, corporate profit, equitable access to technology, and national and global public goods.     

Single primer extension (SPEX) amplification to accurately genotype highly damaged DNA templates

High levels of non-authentic sequence data can be generated by traditional PCR-based methodologies when DNA is damaged, template numbers are small and/or the target amplification size too large. We therefore present an alternate methodology based on single primer extension (SPEX) amplification; that places no pre-defined size constraints on amplification and interacts with only one of the DNA strands at the target locus.     

Vorsteuerabzug bei Vorsorgewohnung

§ 6 Abs 2 UStG 1994 (idF Abg?G 1998); § 12 Abs 1 UStG 1994: Die Berechtigung zum Vorsteuerabzug ist im Hinblick auf einen beabsichtigten steuerpflichtigen Grundstücksumsatz nicht anders zu behandeln als im Fall einer geplanten steuerpflichtigen Vermietung. Bei nachweislicher Absicht einer Option zur Steuerpflicht beim Verkauf von Wohnungen steht demzufolge das Recht des Vorsteuerabzuges im Zeitpunkt des Vollzuges der Leistung zu. Aussagen in Gesetzesmaterialien, die keinen Niederschlag im Gesetzeswortlaut gefunden haben, sind unbeachtlich.     

Vermietete Eigentumswohnung mit eigenem Wasserzähler

Die vom VwGH im Anschluss an das Urteil des EuGH in der Rs C-460/07 vom 23. 4. 2009, Sandra Puffer, entwickelte Judikatur (Leiterkenntnis 28. 5. 2009, 2009/15/ 0100) findet bei gemischt genutzten Geb?uden auch Anwendung, wenn die unternehmerische Teilnutzung infolge einer Vermietung durch eine Vermietungsgemeinschaft erfolgt.     

Adolescent life changes and illness: A comparison of three models

This article examines how stressful life-events relate to the occurrence of illness in a nonclinical random sample of adolescents and what processes intervene in this relationship. Three alternative models of the life events and illness relationship are compared. Data support a “direct stress and illness model” as opposed to either a “sick role behavior model” or a “mental health model.” Social support from parents appears to mediate the life events-illness relationship. Undesirable and ambiguous life events have more impact on illness than desirable events do. Results are discussed in terms of adolescence as a unique developmental stage.