Wohnbeihilfe

Ein (vom Vater) gew?hrtes (rückzahlbares) Darlehen ist kein einer Wohnbeihilfe hinderlicher Zuschuss.     

Efficiency,equity and girls' education

This article analyses World Bank strategies for education in the context of gender equity. Developing countries face the challenge of expanding education with limited resources. At the same time, promoting gender equity is vital to achieving basic development goals. Appropriate governance strategies are needed to provide education in a way that is cost‐effective and inclusive. Privatisation, decentralisation and citizen participation are three strategies that are promoted by the World Bank to control costs and improve transparency in education. Intended to promote efficiency, these strategies can harm equity. This study compares World Bank strategies to proven effective programs in girls' education. Empirical analysis reveals that while many World Bank projects include effective strategies for girls' education, governance reforms generally do not promote awareness of gender. Implications for expansion of girls' education are discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

Unterhaltsgewährung durch Einräumung eines Wohnrechtes

Die Einr?umung eines Wohnungsrechtes (Gebrauchsrechtes) an die Ehegattin kann in Erfüllung einer gesetzlichen Unterhaltsverpflichtung nicht schenkungssteuerbar aber auch schenkungssteuerbefreit erfolgen.     

A Job Demands–Resources Approach to Public Service Motivation

This article uses job demands–resources theory to build a model of public service motivation (PSM). Public service motivation determines how employees in the public sector deal with their daily job demands and resources. Highly motivated public servants are able to deal with their job demands and prevent exhaustion. Additionally, because of their sense of calling, they are motivated to mobilize their job resources to stay engaged and perform well. However, if job demands are consistently high and job resources are consistently low, highly motivated public servants will lose their psychological resources, resulting in lower PSM. Reduced PSM, as a consequence, may strengthen the loss cycle of job demands and exhaustion and weaken the gain cycle of job resources and engagement. Public service managers and employees may use this model to optimize their work environment on a day‐to‐day basis.     

The men with the Mac say you've got to go back...

In a case which illustrates how difficult it is to draft anagreement that works for the future against a background offast-changing technology, Mr Justice Mann held that Apple Computer'suse of its apple logo on the iTunes service did not breach a1991 trade mark coexistence agreement entered into with AppleCorps; Apple Corps intends to appeal.