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51.
Astrid Epiney 《Natur und Recht》2011,34(1):167-176
Derzeit wird – im Anschluss an entsprechende Vorarbeiten bzw. Vorschl?ge der Kommission
– diskutiert, ob auf EU-Ebene ein Emissionshandel für NOx (Stickstoffoxide)
und SO2 (Schwefeldioxid) eingeführt werden soll, dies nach dem Vorbild des
aufgrund der RL 2003/87 bestehenden Emissionshandels für Treibhausgase. Der nachfolgende Beitrag
geht der m?glichen Ausgestaltung eines solchen Systems nach und zeigt die Probleme auf, die eine
Integration eines solchen Emissionshandels in das System des unionsrechtlichen Luftreinhalterechts mit
sich br?chte. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die Frage gelegt, ob und ggf. auf welche Weise auch
im Rahmen eines derartigen Systems eine effektive Luftreinhaltung (auch auf lokaler und regionaler Ebene)
sichergestellt werden kann, inwieweit sich Friktionen mit ausgew?hlten unionsrechtlichen Rechtsakten
erg?ben und auf welche Weise diese angepasst werden k?nnten. 相似文献
52.
This article will analyse Part One of the Employment Act 2008on employment dispute resolution and in particular the repealof the statutory workplace dispute resolution procedures onlyfour years after Regulations implemented them. It will beginby considering the background of increasing tribunal caseloadthat led to their introduction in the first place. Later sectionswill examine the replacement of these statutory procedures withwhat Ministers described as the triple package of a new AdvisoryConciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS) helpline,increased ACAS conciliation and a revised ACAS Code. The languageof repeal and the Act's reintroduction of the Polkey line ofcases might suggest that dismissal law is merely reverting backto its pre October 2004 position. This article will, however,conclude that Part One does not just simplifydismissal law, or return the law to September2004 or indeed to any other time frame. Instead, it weakenskey procedural protections for employees potentially by conflatingthe 2002 Act's different tests of automaticallyunfair and ordinarily unfair dismissals, for example.Lowering standards of procedural justice is significant in itselfbut this takes added importance for dismissed employees as tribunalsrarely investigate the substantive fairness of dismissals. 相似文献
53.
Day A Howells K Casey S Ward T Chambers JC Birgden A 《Journal of interpersonal violence》2009,24(4):618-635
Although violent offenders are widely considered to be difficult to engage in therapeutic change, few methods of assessing treatment readiness currently exist. In this article the validation of a brief self-report measure designed to assess treatment readiness in offenders who have been referred to violent offender treatment programs is described. The measure, which is an adaptation of a general measure of treatment readiness developed in a previous work, displayed acceptable levels of convergent and discriminant validity and was able to successfully predict treatment engagement in violent offender treatment. These results suggest that the measure has utility in the assessment of treatment readiness in violent offenders. 相似文献
54.
Considering earlier research into police use of force as well as the judicial and practical frame of police work in Germany,
the article presents the results of an empirical study on the individual and collective legitimization of the use of force
by German police officers. There are numerous justifications for the use of force expressed by focus group participants in
eight German Federal States who were responding to a hypothesized scenario. In the discussions observed within the groups,
reference is first made to the state’s duty to prosecute alleged offences and the measures or formal actions to do this—hence,
the legal authority to use force. In the course of the discussions, however, it became obvious that illegal violence may occur,
although it was not perceived as such by the officers. Overall, and after an intensive analysis of the focus group discussions,
it can be stated that use of force (whether legal or not) depends on the police officer’s perception of the resistance of
the person being engaged with. In this regard, different social–cultural or physical–material factors can be identified. They
have different influences on the individual legitimization of police actions, intertwined with the perception of the situation
as constructed by the officer. Three ways of perceiving the situation can be deduced, resulting in different patterns of justification
for the use of force.
相似文献
Astrid Klukkert (Corresponding author)Email: |
Thomas OhlemacherEmail: |
Thomas FeltesEmail: |
55.
Astrid Jaime Constanza Pérez-Martelo Bernardo Herrera Gonzalo Ordóñez-Matamoros Dominique Vinck 《政策研究评论》2023,40(2):282-306
We explore the strategies implemented by Research Groups' Leaders while coping with unstable contexts, characterized by incoherence and lack of coordination among different policy discourses and instruments, and scarce resources. We focus on a country where these conditions are present: Colombia. In doing so, we study two cases, one in nanotechnology and another one in biomedical engineering. Interviews, focus groups and workshops allowed us to identify and validate strategies grouped in four popular sayings, proper to local idiosyncrasy, highlighting the role of home institutions and principal investigators in facing such situations with resilience and resourcefulness, and even taking advantage of them. We find that Research Groups' Leaders use strategies such as: adapting, balancing agendas and funding sources, networking, and taking advantage of the support programs available at their home institution to continue functioning. These are setting the ground for a further survey which could pretend some generalization. However, policymakers could consider these findings when defining policy instruments or for assessing their effectiveness or impacts. 相似文献