全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11699篇 |
免费 | 607篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 586篇 |
工人农民 | 396篇 |
世界政治 | 790篇 |
外交国际关系 | 353篇 |
法律 | 7838篇 |
中国共产党 | 1篇 |
中国政治 | 72篇 |
政治理论 | 2203篇 |
综合类 | 67篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 175篇 |
2021年 | 85篇 |
2020年 | 202篇 |
2019年 | 219篇 |
2018年 | 254篇 |
2017年 | 304篇 |
2016年 | 296篇 |
2015年 | 280篇 |
2014年 | 255篇 |
2013年 | 1217篇 |
2012年 | 278篇 |
2011年 | 285篇 |
2010年 | 303篇 |
2009年 | 314篇 |
2008年 | 288篇 |
2007年 | 281篇 |
2006年 | 290篇 |
2005年 | 277篇 |
2004年 | 289篇 |
2003年 | 261篇 |
2002年 | 240篇 |
2001年 | 458篇 |
2000年 | 398篇 |
1999年 | 338篇 |
1998年 | 163篇 |
1997年 | 116篇 |
1996年 | 109篇 |
1995年 | 133篇 |
1994年 | 136篇 |
1993年 | 132篇 |
1992年 | 234篇 |
1991年 | 236篇 |
1990年 | 237篇 |
1989年 | 234篇 |
1988年 | 198篇 |
1987年 | 211篇 |
1986年 | 217篇 |
1985年 | 231篇 |
1984年 | 177篇 |
1983年 | 192篇 |
1982年 | 130篇 |
1981年 | 123篇 |
1980年 | 98篇 |
1979年 | 151篇 |
1978年 | 121篇 |
1977年 | 89篇 |
1975年 | 92篇 |
1974年 | 113篇 |
1973年 | 107篇 |
1972年 | 85篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
This research note critically evaluates conventional methods for allocating homicides with an unknown victim/offender relationship to meaningful categories, and it proposes an alternative approach. We argue that conventional methods are based on a problematic assumption, namely, that the missing data mechanism is “ignorable.” As an alternative to these methods, we propose an imputation algorithm derived from a log‐multiplicative model that does not require this assumption. We apply this technique to estimate levels of homicides disaggregated by victim/offender relationship using the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Supplementary Homicide Report (SHR) data for 1996 and 1997, and we compare the resulting estimates with those obtained from the application of conventional procedures. Our results yield a larger proportion of stranger homicides than are obtained from the conventional methods. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
15.
During the past few decades traditional state‐centred governing arrangements have been critiqued and replaced by alternative modes of governance. Higher education is one of the public sectors where such shifts in governance have been seen. As a consequence of the reshuffling of authority and responsibilities across the different levels in Dutch higher education, universities as organizations have become important foci of attention in the system’s coordination. The main question addressed in this article is to what extent we can speak of an organizational transformation of Dutch universities. Based on conceptual ideas from researchers such as Greenwood and Hinings (1996), Ferlie et al. (1996) , and Brunsson and Sahlin‐Andersson (2000) , we use a framework that focuses attention on the concepts of the construction of identity, hierarchy and rationality to systematically analyse the various aspects of transformations of professional organizations. 相似文献
16.
Drawing on the strategic surprise, warning-response, and foreign policy literature, this article argues that the September 11 terror attacks should be regarded as a strategic surprise and examines a number of key factors that contributed to vulnerability and inhibited vigilance. Three broad explanatory "cuts" derived from the literature—psychological, bureau-organizational, and agenda-political—are deployed to sift through the rapidly expanding empirical record in an effort to shed light on the processes and contextual factors that left the United States vulnerable to the attacks. The article aims to improve our understanding of generic processes and practices that enhance or detract from vulnerability and vigilance. 相似文献
17.
P. Gill C.H. Brenner J.S. Buckleton A. Carracedo M. Krawczak W.R. Mayr N. Morling M. Prinz P.M. Schneider B.S. Weir 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2006,160(2-3):90-101
The DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG) was convened at the 21st congress of the International Society for Forensic Genetics held between 13 and 17 September in the Azores, Portugal. The purpose of the group was to agree on guidelines to encourage best practice that can be universally applied to assist with mixture interpretation. In addition the commission was tasked to provide guidance on low copy number (LCN) reporting. Our discussions have highlighted a significant need for continuing education and research into this area. We have attempted to present a consensus from experts but to be practical we do not claim to have conveyed a clear vision in every respect in this difficult subject. For this reason, we propose to allow a period of time for feedback and reflection by the scientific community. Then the DNA commission will meet again to consider further recommendations. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
Stephen B. Peterson 《公共行政管理与发展》1991,11(5):491-510
This article examines constraints in development bureaucracies in intensifying the use of microcomputers as they move beyond processing applications to analysing applications. The work is based on the experience of several ministries of the Government of Kenya. Processing applications involve throughput of data and are relatively simple. Analysing applications, in contrast, are more complex and include data assembly, sensitivity analysis, and modelling. The article argues that processing applications are more compatible with the administrative cultures, bureaucratic functions, personnel skill levels and organizational structures of development bureaucracies. Analysing applications are less compatible because they require a level of training and motivation uncommon in development bureaucracies. Analysing applications are further thwarted by constraints in the supply of relevant information and the lack of demand for analysis by decision-makers. A four-cell matrix is developed which explains these constraints. The article concludes with several recommendations for encouraging microcomputer-based analysis, but cautions that processing applications will continue to dominate for the foreseeable future. 相似文献