美国保护知识产权的新动向——评美国《司法部知识产权工作组报告》

在过去的几年中,美国在知识产权保护方面遇到了棘手的新问题。在美国国内,宽带网络和P2P软件的广泛应用使公众可以毫不费力地免费获取数字化作品并加以广泛传播,给版权人造成了严重的经济损失。在这种情况下,视知识产权为经济发展一大支柱的美国政府表现出了在国内外加强知识产权保     

RACIAL–ETHNIC INTOLERANCE AND SUPPORT FOR CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: A CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISON*

This article tests cross-nationally the minority group threat thesis that public sentiments toward repressive crime-control policies reflect conflicted racial and ethnic relations. Using multiple data sets representing France, Belgium, the Netherlands, East and West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Denmark, Great Britain, Greece, Spain, Finland, Sweden, Austria, Canada, Ireland, and Portugal, we examine whether racial and ethnic intolerance—animus, resentments, or negative sentiments toward minorities—predicts greater support for the death penalty. Our results reveal that the respondents were significantly more likely to express support for capital punishment if they were racially or ethnically intolerant while controlling for other covariates of public opinion. These findings indicate that the link between support for capital punishment and racial and ethnic animus may occur universally in countries with conflicted racial and ethnic relations.     

Failed States After 9/11: What Did We Know and What Have We Learned?

This paper addresses the relationship between accumulated knowledge and U.S. policy dealing with failed states and terrorism. The central thesis is threefold: (1) that more was known about the possible linkages between failing states and terrorism than appears in pre-9/11 U.S. policies; (2) that since 9/11 some important realignment of knowledge and practice has occurred, but it remains partial and incomplete; and (3) that new knowledge, especially about the policies to sustain and promote legitimate governance, needs to be generated in order to support an effective grand strategy for addressing the threats and challenges of the twenty-first century. The paper recommends such a grand strategy and, in addition to the required new knowledge, a significant reorganization of the U.S. national security policy-making apparatus. International studies curricula appear well suited for contributing to that new knowledge and the practitioners we require.     

正确引导村级选举 促进农村社会和谐

中国农村民主选举极大地推动了中国社会的民主化进程,促进了农村社会的安定稳定和经济发展。同时还应该看到由于村级选举的不规范,直接引发或诱发了农村、农民之间的内部矛盾,给农村社会乃至整个国家的社会安定、政治稳定都可能带来不利的影响,成为建设小康社会、和谐社会的障碍;其根本原因是落后观念的影响、法律法规的缺陷、村务管理的漏洞;必须从经济、法律和具体机制等几方面同时入手才能从根本上解决这些制约因素,使村级民主选举成为化解农村矛盾、促进农村社会和谐的重要手段。