学习邓小平"依靠"论的几点认识

邓小平同志的“依靠论”客观上反映了我国工人运动和工会工作的实际,在理论上涵盖了我国工人阶级和工会理论的主要内容,具有内在的逻辑联系,处处闪烁着辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义思想的光辉,是我们做好新时期工会工作的重要指针。     

中国共产党对执政条件下作风建设的理论准备

即将在全国执政的历史关头,中国共产党科学地总结了民主革命时期党的作风建设的基本经验,把坚持党的优良作风提到关系党的性质和党的事业成败的高度,提出继承基本优良风范和改变某些不适应形势的具体作风的思想,强调在执政条件下发扬批评与自我批评和谦虚谨慎、艰苦奋斗的作风,把党置于群众的监督之下,防骄反腐。为在和平和执政条件下党的作风建设作了不可或缺的理论准备。     

真知与偏见：亨廷顿眼中的台湾民主

在《第三波——20世纪后期民主化浪潮》一书中,亨廷顿论及台湾的民主化进程,提出了民主化的基本含义、诱因、过程、特征和前景。亨廷顿对台湾民主的分析充满着真知灼见,其预测也为后来的台湾政治民主实践所证实。但是,必须指出的是,亨廷顿从西方的价值体系出发来对全球的民主化进程进行分析,不可避免地带有一定的偏见性。     

正确把握和处理法制宣传教育工作十个方面的关系

今年是“五五”法制宣传教育启动年。把科学发展观贯彻落实到“五五”规划及实施中去,积极推进和谐社会建设,既是对法制宣传教育工作最好的总结,也是有效实施新的五年法制宣传教育工作之必须。在“五五”法制宣传教育工作中,要认真、全面贯彻落实十六届四、五中全会精神,坚持以科学发展观为统领,坚持和实施依法治国方略,正确把握和处理好十个方面的关系,创新体制机制和工作方法,努力开创法制宣传教育工作新局面。一、坚持落实科学发展观与把握自身工作规律的关系发展观是对社会发展一般进程的客观规律的认识和把握,正确的发展观是对社会发展…     

国外老年服务一瞥

联合国秘书长安南说过:"我们目前所生活的时代,人们赋予它各种各样的名称……今天,请允许我再增加一个名称,即:长寿时代."在这样一个长寿的时代里,人生70已不再是古来稀.为更好地应对老龄化挑战,增强老龄化社会的关注意识,推动个人晚年生活的成功,现代化社会赋予了老年人以更多的生活选择,各类养老机构的出现代表着养老社会化的趋势.近年来,国外一些地区为了提高老年人的生活质量,使他们愉快地安度晚年,开办了各种有趣的老年服务项目.在此,我们作以简单介绍.     

Application of HLA-DRB1 genotyping by oligonucleotide micro-array technology in forensic medicine

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is known to be the most complex polymorphic system in the human genome. Among all of the HLA loci, HLA-DRB1 has the second largest number of alleles. The purpose of this study is to develop an oligonucleotide micro-array based HLA-DRB1 typing system for use in forensic identification, anthropology, tissue transplantation, and other genetic research fields. The system was developed by analyzing the HLA-DRB1 (DRB1) genotypes in 1198 unrelated healthy Chinese Han individuals originating from various parts of China and residing in Shanghai, China. METHOD: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with the oligonucleotide micro-array technology was used to detect and type HLA-DRB1 alleles of the sample individuals. The reliability, sensitivity, consistency and specificity were evaluated for use in forensic identification. Furthermore, a meta-analysis was carried out by comparing the allele frequencies of the HLA-DRB1 locus with those of other Chinese Han groups, Chinese minorities and other ethnic populations. RESULTS: All the DNA samples yielded a 273 bp amplification product, with no other amplification products in this length range. The minimum quantity of DNA detected by this method is 15 ng in a PCR reaction system of 25 microl. The population studied appeared to be not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), expected probability of exclusion (PE), polymorphic information content (PIC), and discrimination power (DP) of the HLA-DRB1 locus from the Shanghai Han ethnic group were evaluated to be 0.8022, 0.8870, 0.7741, 0.8771, 0.9750, respectively. A total of 25 HLA-DRB1 alleles were identified. HLA-DRB1*09XX, *04XX, *12XX and *15XX were the most frequent DRB1 alleles, which were observed in 58.76% of the sample. One hundred and sixteen genotypes were found. The five most frequent genotypes were: *04XX/*04XX (0.0626), *09XX/*09XX (0.0593), *04XX/*09XX (0.0551), *09XX/*15XX (0.0384) and *08XX/*12XX (0.0351). The meta-analysis showed that there were uniquely distributed features of DRB1 alleles among various ethnic populations and among the studied population groups from various regions with the same ethnic origin. CONCLUSIONS: An HLA-DRB1 genotyping system has been developed and established based on the oligonucleotide micro-array technology. The HLA-DRB1 typing of the Han population in Shanghai has revealed a relatively high heterogeneity. Information obtained in this study will be useful for medical and forensic applications as well as in anthropology research. Large-scale micro-array detection is highly accurate and reliable for DNA-based HLA-DRB1 genotyping. These results suggest that HLA-DRB1 DNA polymorphisms and the database of the Shanghai Han group have useful applications in processing forensic casework (as personal identification, paternity test), tracing population migration and genetic diagnosis.     

两岸三地公共场所禁烟立法的比较与借鉴

吸烟者的吸烟自由与被动吸烟者的生命健康权存在冲突,家庭等私人机制对于出现在非公共场所中相关矛盾可予以妥善处理,但是对于公共场所中发生的相关矛盾则应当诉诸公权力的干预。各国及地区已经普遍地建立公共场所禁烟制度,台湾、香港的相关立法堪为大陆立法借鉴。比较两岸三地立法,公共场所的界定是控烟的关键,管理体制的建立是控烟的重要保障,处罚机制的设计是控烟有效实施的基础。     

掺杂Cd的水溶性荧光ZnSe/MPA量子点显现胶带手印方法

目的探索水溶性荧光量子点溶液——掺杂镉的硒化锌（ZnxCd（1-x）Se）对胶带手印的显现方法。方法以巯基丙酸（MPA）为修饰剂合成了掺杂Cd的水溶性荧光ZnSe/MPA量子点,利用它显现水浸胶带及粘连胶带上的油汗指印,并在365nm下拍照成像。结果良好的显现出水浸胶带上的指印以及粘连胶带上的指印。与常规方法相比,优势更为明显。结论水溶性荧光量子点ZnxCd（1-x）Se溶液显出的指印纹线细腻流畅,在法庭科学领域具有很好的应用前景。     

《鹿特丹规则》：一个值得珍惜的统一法律的机会

就国际海事委员会（CMI）和联合国国际贸易法委员会（UNCITRAL）有关《鹿特丹规则》的准备、起草、讨论等工作进行简要回顾,并对中国海商法协会及中国政府代表团的参与及贡献进行简单介绍。此外,还对《鹿特丹规则》的核心内容作一浅显的说明,指出《鹿特丹规则》较好地平衡了在现今条件下的船货双方利益,是一个值得珍惜的统一国际海上货物运输合同法律的机会。