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811.
Barbara Coyle McCabe 《国际公共行政管理杂志》2013,36(10-11):837-847
Homeowners associations (HOAs) are private nonprofit corporations that regulate, “tax,” and provide urban services to growing numbers of U.S. residents. As such, HOAs may affect cities' public service delivery. Interviews with department heads in Phoenix, Arizona reveal how enclaves of private services influence the city's planning and provision of public services. The findings suggest that HOAs do not substitute private for public services in Phoenix. Instead, qualitative differences in the services themselves (particularly concerning their purpose and scale) and in the legal powers of their providers create a more nuanced pattern of public-private service delivery. 相似文献
812.
Stakeholders,natural resource management and Australian rural local governments: A Q methodological study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper reports on a Q methodological study of stakeholder perceptions of rural local government management of natural resources. Data analysis of the Q sorts revealed that there are five distinct stakeholder perspectives relating to rural local government and natural resource management. In terms of natural resource management at the local level rural stakeholders perceive local government as an unwilling participant, an inconsequential participant, as a problematic participant, as a potential participant, and, most positively, a participatory partner. The paper describes each of these five stakeholder perspectives in detail before examining the implications of these findings for greater natural resource management at the local level in non-metropolitan Australia. 相似文献
813.
Forensic Identification of Indian Snakeroot (Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. ex Kurz) Using DNA Barcoding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marcel C. M. Eurlings B.AS. Frederic Lens Ph.D. Csilla Pakusza B.Sc. Tamara Peelen Ph.D. Jan J. Wieringa Ph.D. Barbara Gravendeel Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(3):822-830
Indian snakeroot (Rauvolfia serpentina) is a valuable forest product, root extracts of which are used as an antihypertensive drug. Increasing demand led to overharvesting in the wild. Control of international trade is hampered by the inability to identify root samples to the species level. We therefore evaluated the potential of molecular identification by searching for species‐specific DNA polymorphisms. We found two species‐specific indels in the rps16 intron region for R. serpentina. Our DNA barcoding method was tested for its specificity, reproducibility, sensitivity and stability. We included samples of various tissues and ages, which had been treated differently for preservation. DNA extractions were tested in a range of amplification settings and dilutions. Species‐specific rps16 intron sequences were obtained from 79 herbarium accessions and one confiscated root, encompassing 39 different species. Our results demonstrate that molecular analysis provides new perspectives for forensic identification of Indian snakeroot. 相似文献
814.
Gerard Gathier M.Sc. Timotheus van der Niet Ph.D. Tamara Peelen Ph.D. Rogier R. van Vugt Marcel C.M. Eurlings B.S. Barbara Gravendeel Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(6):1467-1471
Slimming cactus (Hoodia), found only in southwestern Africa, is a well‐known herbal product for losing weight. Consequently, Hoodia extracts are sought‐after worldwide despite a CITES Appendix II status. The failure to eradicate illegal trade is due to problems with detecting and identifying Hoodia using morphological and chemical characters. Our aim was to evaluate the potential of molecular identification of Hoodia based on DNA barcoding. Screening of nrITS1 and psbA‐trnH DNA sequences from 26 accessions of Ceropegieae resulted in successful identification, while conventional chemical profiling using DLI‐MS led to inaccurate detection and identification of Hoodia. The presence of Hoodia in herbal products was also successfully established using DNA sequences. A validation procedure of our DNA barcoding protocol demonstrated its robustness to changes in PCR conditions. We conclude that DNA barcoding is an effective tool for Hoodia detection and identification which can contribute to preventing illegal trade. 相似文献
815.
Barbara Baum Levenbook 《Criminal justice ethics》2013,32(2):60-64
Hyman Gross, A Theory of Criminal Justice New York: Oxford University Press, 1979, xviii + 521 pp. 相似文献
816.
Scholars are only beginning to take account of how trans people experience violence motivated by their gender identity and expression. Based on a series of focus groups and interviews across Canada, this article aims to further this area of inquiry. The fear of victimization, and thus hyper-vigilance, seems to be particularly acute among trans women. Many of them spoke of the multiple and complex layers through which they defined “safety” and lack thereof. We share their experiences and perceptions of the threat of hate motivated violence, and their subsequent reactions. 相似文献
817.
Purpose
To expand conceptualizations of informal social control in social disorganization and collective efficacy theories to include responses to informal social control, and to examine neighborhood level predictors of responses to informal social control.Methods
The study uses surveys of approximately 2300 residents across 66 neighborhoods, supplemented with census data at the block group level.Results
Neighborhood mobility decreased the odds of positive responses to informal social control, measured as both “giving in” and “talking it out” when you have a disagreement with your neighbor. Disadvantage was found to decrease only the odds of “giving in.” Neighborhood level measures of social cohesion and faith in the police were also found to increase the odds of responding positively to informal social control efforts. In contrast, social ties were not found to significantly affect the likelihood of positive responses to informal social control.Conclusions
The findings from this study broaden support of collective efficacy theory and concepts related to efficacious neighborhoods. While previous studies have raised questions about the measurement of informal social control, the findings in this paper offer support to earlier studies by providing a different approach to the conceptualization and measurement of informal social control. 相似文献818.
Christopher J. Rogers Ph.D. Clara M.A. ten Broek Ph.D. Barbara Hodson Michael P. Whitehead Ph.D. Wera M. Schmerer Dr. rer. nat. Raul Sutton Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(6):1575-1582
Articular cartilage was examined to determine its decomposition sequence and its potential for assessing the postmortem interval. Scanning electron microscopy of articular cartilage from buried porcine trotters showed the presence of microcrystals on the synovial surface. These orthorhombic pyramidal or “coffin”‐shaped crystals, appeared at 3 weeks (22 days) after interment and disappeared after 6 weeks. The disappearance of these crystals was linked to decompositional changes to the integrity of the synovial joint. The formation and disappearance of these crystals was associated with a pH change at the cartilage surface. Scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive X‐ray (SEM‐EDX) analysis showed that the five main elements contained within these crystals were carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, magnesium, and phosphorous. Such elemental analysis suggested the crystals may be struvite (MgNH4PO46(H2O)). Bacteria cultured from the cartilage synovial surface produced struvite crystals when grown in suitable media and were identified by DNA analysis to be Comamonas sp. 相似文献
819.
To further our understanding of perpetrators of unwanted pursuit following the breakup on an intimate relationship, individual characteristics, jealousy, neuroticism, and attachment style, and relationship variables, satisfaction, investment, quality of alternatives, and commitment, were examined as correlates of unwanted pursuit, which was operationalized as pursuit and aggression. Anxious attachment, behavioral jealousy, neuroticism, and investment distinguished between pursuers and non-pursuers. Pursuit and aggression were positively correlated with behavioral jealousy, anxious attachment, neuroticism, and investment. Pursuit was also correlated with commitment and lack of alternatives. In multiple regressions, behavioral jealousy was a unique predictor of pursuit and aggression. Pursuit was also predicted by anxious attachment and aggression was predicted by investment. The roles of attachment, jealousy, and relationship variables in unwanted pursuit are discussed. 相似文献
820.
Barbara Bennett Woodhouse 《社会福利与家庭法律杂志》2014,36(4):358-369
This article compares laws and policies in Italy and the US regarding children's right to be heard and to engage in the life of the community. Italy has adopted a strong children's rights perspective, informed by the principles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). The US, with its pre-modern constitution and resistance to international law, has been slow to recognise children's rights to voice and agency. The US Supreme Court has extended some due process rights to children in criminal court proceedings, but the US lags far behind Italy in recognition of children's rights to participate in civic life and collective decision-making. Child well-being rankings may reflect these differences in attitudes towards children's rights. Italy ranks significantly higher than the US on objective measures of child well-being and Italian children report superior peer and family relationships. 相似文献