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In light of the notorious “frontloading” phenomenon in U.S. presidential nominating elections, this paper examines the relationship between state political culture and state primary scheduling, for the purpose of understanding how differences in institutionalized community values may have affected the equity with which democratic voice has been distributed in modern presidential nominations. Using stratified event history analyses of nomination campaign schedules from 1972 to 2000, we find that “moralistic” states tend to schedule primary dates earlier in the campaign season than do individualistic or (especially) traditionalistic states, particularly in states with more ideologically liberal elites. Moreover, this tendency toward frontloading among moralistic states becomes more dramatic as racial homogeneity increases relative to other states. These results disturbingly reveal that the democratic voices of racial minorities have often been muffled under the modern institution of presidential nominations. 相似文献
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The distinctive relationship between bureaucrats and politicians in Britain has been much noted around the world and often used a model by reformers. However, both Conservative and Labour governments have displayed dissatisfaction with the bureaucracy and have made important changes in the "Whitehall model." Some of these changes have reduced the degree to which British politicians have been unusually dependent on a career bureaucracy that is insulated from partisan politics. 相似文献
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Erin T. Barker Andrea L. Howard Rosanne Villemaire-Krajden Nancy L. Galambos 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2018,47(6):1252-1266
Self-reported depressive experiences are common among university students. However, most studies assessing depression in university students are cross-sectional, limiting our understanding of when in the academic year risk for depression is greatest and when interventions may be most needed. We examined within-person change in depressive symptoms from September to April. Study 1 (N?=?198; 57% female; 72% white; Mage?=?18.4): Depressive symptoms rose from September, peaked in December, and fell across the second semester. The rise in depressive symptoms was associated with higher perceived stress in December. Study 2 (N?=?267; 78.7% female; 67.87% white; Mage?=?21.25): Depressive symptoms peaked in December and covaried within persons with perceived stress and academic demands. The results have implications for understanding when and for whom there is increased risk for depressive experiences among university students. 相似文献
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Vanessa Barker 《Law & social inquiry》2010,35(2):489-516
This essay reviews three books as they document and explain the 1990s crime decline: Alfred Blumstein and Joel Wallman, eds., (2006) The Crime Drop in America; Arthur S. Goldberger and Richard Rosenfeld, eds., (2008) Understanding Crime Patterns: Workshop Report; and Franklin E. Zimring (2007), The Great American Crime Decline. It presents the empirical detail of the crime decline and examines the most commonly cited explanatory factors: imprisonment, policing, demography, and economic growth. It then suggests alternative lines of research in urban sociology—urban development, youth culture, and immigration—that may better explain the decline as the result of changes in the cultural and social fabric of American society, particularly in cities where the steepest declines occurred. 相似文献
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Joaquin Borrego Jr. Mindy R. Gutow Shira Reicher Chikira H. Barker 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(6):495-505
Domestic violence continues to be a significant social problem impacting our society. Battered women and their children experience
a myriad of negative consequences as a result of domestic violence. Of the possible negative sequelae that mothers and children
experience, the disrupted parent–child relationship has received relatively little attention in the literature. Though psychosocial
interventions are available to treat women who experience violence and children who witness violence, few interventions focus
on the parent–child relationship. This article describes parent–child interaction therapy (PCIT), a relationship-based intervention.
Although not initially developed to treat domestic violence, PCIT has unique characteristics that make it a promising intervention
with this population. A rationale for the use of PCIT with battered women and their children is presented. 相似文献
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This exploratory study investigated whether rape victims’ subjective perceptions of whether to proceed with legal action were
associated with their experience of disclosing to the police during their initial interview. Specifically, the study investigated
associations between symptoms of PTSD, shame and self-blame post-rape, subjective perceptions of police empathy and subjective
perception of victims’ intentions to take the case to court. Participants (N = 22) were found to have elevated levels of PTSD
severity, shame and self-blame. Police empathy was positively correlated with victims’ ratings of likelihood of taking the
case to court, and negatively correlated with PTSD severity and shame. These preliminary findings suggest that training police
officers how to respond more empathically to psychologically distressed rape victims may potentially help reduce victim attrition
rates. 相似文献
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