Specific features of kidney injuries altered by disease

The degree of development of subcutaneous fat and muscles of the back, filling of the gastrointestinal tract, increase in intra-abdominal pressure, and pathological processes, specifically, cysts, hydronephrosis, tumors, pelvic stones, etc., play a significant role in the development of renal injuries. A case with a kidney rupture resultant from a slight trauma in a 19-year-old soldier is presented. Analysis of nephrectomy, review and intravenous excretory urography, and pathological examination of the removed kidney showed third-stage hydronephrosis. This diagnosis was significant for evaluation of the severity of corporal injuries and for determining the punishment for the guilty subject.     

The morphological characteristics of chronic subdural hematomas

Preparations of chronic subdural hematomas (CSH) obtained during surgery from 29 patients aged 19-50 years are studied. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin after van Gieson. Morphological criteria of CSH variants are defined, permitting forensic medical experts to make well-based conclusions on the nature (traumatic or not) of CSH (two types of capsules) and the time when it occurred.     

The expert assessment of the force of blows by blunt solid objects

The author distinguishes 4 degrees of strength of strikes inflicted with blunt hard objects. Intervals of strength expressed in newtons correspond to each of these degrees. The scheme is based on experimental data of many authors who determined the parameters of strength of strikes inducing certain injuries. Use of the proposed scheme will render objectiveness and reliability to conclusions of forensic medical experts.     

The advantages of establishing the species classification of blood and other biological objects by the IFR in a quantitative modification

A quantitative modification of immunofluorescent test (IFT) is described. It was used for species identification of blood stains on material evidence objects. This modification is 1000 times more sensitive than electrophoretic methods traditionally used for this purpose in forensic medicine. Computer processing of the results helps objectively and persuasively determine the species appurtenance of blood and other biological objects. Results of the test represented as histograms should be attached to forensic medical conclusions as proofs for the court.     

The chromatographic analysis of phencyclidine, its metabolites and analogs in biological fluids

Reviews data on analysis of narcotic phencyclidine and its main metabolites and analogs. Pharmacological and toxic characteristics of phencyclidine, conditions of its isolation from biological objects and its detection and measurement by thin layer and gas chromatography and by chromatographic mass-spectrometry are described. Analysis of phencyclidine metabolites is discussed and a scheme of its metabolism is presented. Statistical characteristics of methods of quantitative analysis of phencyclidine in biological objects are presented.