未成年人发展的动力学研究

未成年人的成长,在生物预置因素和环境因素的相互作用下,不可避免地要经历三大嬗变期新生期、断奶期和青春期。未成年人成长始终伴随着生物本能需求和自我需求与社会规范要求之间的冲突与协调,因此,未成年人发展的全过程是同一性建构——危机——再建构的过程。当然,未成年人发展还受到系统初始条件、大脑神经网络的电化学模型和“神经元—意识”耦合机制及“耗散—涨落”机制的影响。     

Natural death as viewed by the medical examiner: a review of 1000 consecutive autopsies of individuals dying of natural disease

A study of 1000 consecutive autopsies of individuals dying of natural disease was conducted. Cardiovascular disease was responsible for 60.9% of all deaths with coronary artery disease--not only the main cause of cardiovascular death but also the main cause of all natural deaths--accounting for 45.1% of such cases. Diseases of the central nervous and respiratory systems accounted for 8.7 and 8.6%, respectively, of the natural deaths. Seizure disorders and pneumonia were the main causes of death in these organ systems. There were 124 deaths of children less than one year in age, 91 of which were due to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). All of the SIDS deaths were in children less than 10 months old.     

知识经理:信息时代企业的新领导岗位

知识经理是信息时代企业的新种类的领导岗位。知识经理的多重角色和知识经理的管理职能,在信息时代的企业管理中具有极其重要的意义。     

叶剑英抗日爱国思想与活动述论

抗日战争时期,叶剑英以忧国忧民的爱国情怀和高度的责任感,为了民族的利益,始终站在抗日斗争的最前列。他积极推动国共两党的合作抗日,团结一切可以团结的力量,共同抗战。他运筹帷幄,指导抗战,为最终战胜敌人立下了功劳。     

论农民工劳动休息权的保护

劳动者有休息的权利,这是我国宪法中明文规定的。但一些单位变相安排劳动者加班,一些劳动者得不到法定的加班报酬、甚至有人因为连续劳动引发过劳死；也有些公民由于某些企业擅自安排夜间加班,而受到其噪声骚扰无法正常休息。而在这其中,对农民工的劳动休息权的侵犯尤为严重。农民工作为一个弱势群体,相对于出身城镇的劳动者而言,在劳动权益的保障方面受到了差别对待,这其中对于劳动休息权的保障亦是如此。无论是从人类政治文明发展的一般进程看,还是从社会主义法制建设的一般进程看,这些侵犯农民工劳动休息权的行为都是极其不合理的,需要对农民工劳动休息权进行平等保护。     

社区矫正评估研究

罪犯进入社区矫正,首要考虑其是否存在再犯罪的风险,而评估再犯风险的方法有单一的主观评估和客观评估、静态评估或动态评估.由于任何一种单一的评估方法都不可避免地存在不足,因此,选择综合动态的评估也就成了一种必然.     

Rules and Flexibility in Public Budgeting: The Case of Budget Modernisation in Australia

This paper explores the features of public budgeting that make it resistant to efforts to balance central oversight and situational flexibility. Its aim is to help explain why systemic efforts at budget modernisation in the name of ‘devolution’ may have failed to deliver expanded budget flexibility. After defining flexibility, and briefly surveying how it can be inhibited by budget practices using the example of collaboration, the paper applies a taxonomy of general ‘budget rules’ to illustrate the trade‐offs between control and flexibility. It uses an analysis of budget reform in the Australian federal government over the last 30 years to identify a key set of ‘legacy reforms’ – all intended primarily to enable budget flexibility – to show how their design and redesign were purposed as modification to the general rules, and how, ultimately, they were constrained by them.     

The Internationalization of Network Industries: A Comparative Policy Analysis of Italian Railways and Utilities

Internationalization constitutes a dominant strategy for former public enterprises, as they enter emerging markets in other countries. This article provides a firm-level analysis of the drivers of (and obstacles to) internationalization. It focuses primarily on the experience of Italian companies in the railway and utility sectors by comparing and contrasting them with major European companies as well as among themselves. The article shows the diverse degrees of internationalization of Italian companies and takes into account possible explanations, showing how the policy and regulatory environment do interact with the configurations of actors’ preferences in shaping companies’ strategies.     

Shaping the path to inventive activity: the role of past experience in R&D alliances

In this paper, we investigate a recurrent organizational event—R&D strategic alliances—and analyze its multidimensional effect on inventive activity; in particular, we examine the quality of the inventive process outcome. In so doing, we address the still-unresolved issue of the impact of past experience in explaining performance differences between firms in the realm of alliance inventiveness. Our results offer new insights concerning the crucial drivers of invention quality and technological breakthroughs. As expected, results suggest that—in the area of R&D—alliances formed by experienced partners are more likely to produce inventions that effectively synthesize technological knowledge from more diverse domains. In fact, experienced alliance partners are more likely to generate useful inventions with a greater innovative impact on others’ subsequent inventions—knowledge that can be built upon. Surprisingly, results are indeterminate with regard to whether innovation via R&D alliance increases invention’s degree of applicability across diverse scientific and technological fields that might cite its patent.     

家庭经济困难大学生主观幸福感状况分析

家庭经济困难学生群体在物质帮扶的同时也需要精神帮扶,在对重庆市大学生主观幸福感的测试中,家庭经济困难学生群体的得分远低于普通的大学生群体,其影响因素有家庭经济收入少、社会关系狭窄、价值取向的错位等多个方面,从净化社会大环境、抚助资助体系、培养健康人格等方面着手,有助于提升学生群体的主观幸福感.