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This study used the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to explore burnout in a sample of 115 batterer intervention program (BIP) workers (56% female, 44% male) from four midwestern states. The purpose of this study was to explore the role that demographic variables, job-setting variables, supervisor support, and personality characteristics played in predicting burnout for BIP workers. Significant associations emerged for all aspects of burnout. Job-setting variables and personality characteristics were predictive of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, whereas job-setting variables were predictive of personal accomplishment. The findings suggest that job and person variables are important factors to consider for burnout prevention and coping strategies for BIP workers. In addition, the results show that compared to MBI subscale norms for mental health workers, BIP workers fell in the moderate range for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, but in the high range for personal accomplishment. 相似文献
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Murry VM Berkel C Chen YF Brody GH Gibbons FX Gerrard M 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(9):1147-1163
AIDS is the leading killer of African Americans between the ages of 25 and 44, many of whom became infected when they were
teenagers or young adults. The disparity in HIV infection rate among African Americans youth residing in rural Southern regions
of the United States suggests that there is an urgent need to identify ways to promote early preventive intervention to reduce
HIV-related risk behavior. The Strong African American Families (SAAF) program, a preventive intervention for rural African
American parents and their 11-year-olds, was specially designed to deter early sexual onset and the initiation and escalation
of alcohol and drug use among rural African American preadolescents. A clustered-randomized prevention trial was conducted,
contrasting families who took part in SAAF with control families. The trial, which included 332 families, indicated that intervention-induced
changes occurred in intervention-targeted parenting, which in turn facilitated changes in youths’ internal protective processes
and positive sexual norms. Long-term follow up assessments when youth were 17 years old revealed that intervention-induced
changes in parenting practices mediated the effect of intervention-group influences on changes in the onset and escalation
of risky sexual behaviors over 65 months through its positive influence on adolescents’ self-pride and their sexual norms.
The findings underscore the powerful effects of parenting practices among rural African American families that over time serve
a protective role in reducing youth’s risk behavior, including HIV vulnerable behaviors. 相似文献
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According to the literature, governments have strong incentives to use the public budget tactically in order to either obtain the electoral support of new voters or strengthen the loyalty of their traditional supporters. Yet vote‐seeking strategies only become rational when voters follow their self‐interest and reward governments when their constituency benefits from public transfers. The literature has focused on the governments' incentives, largely ignoring the importance of knowing whether the electorate is responsive to public investments. This study tests empirically whether incumbents strategically use public investments to gather more electoral support; and whether voters take these investments into account at the polls. These two questions are pursued simultaneously by using as a case study the expansion of the underground network in Madrid, Spain. Only a little evidence is found to support the idea that regional governments constructed new metro stations in neighbourhoods where they had more to gain electorally. Also, the inauguration timing strictly followed the electoral cycle, something that indicates a strategic calculus on the part of the incumbent. However, the models are also consistent with the idea that the government's investments were primarily driven by motives of efficiency. Indeed, although governments are tempted to follow vote‐seeking strategies, they are also aware that they cannot deviate too much from an efficiency‐based allocation of public resources. From the perspective of the voters, robust evidence has been found to show that regional voters rewarded this policy at the neighbourhood level. Neighbourhoods that received new metro stations voted in higher numbers for the incumbent than those quarters without new investments. All in all, these findings may have some implications for normative democratic theory. 相似文献
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LA SHONDA M. STEWART 《Public Budgeting & Finance》2009,29(4):45-73
Although using some of the same organizational and financial factors examined by prior researchers to build and test models that explain factors influencing change in the general fund unreserved balance for smaller, rural, and less affluent counties in Mississippi, the rationale of this study is to build additional support that applying the recommended 5–15 percent savings benchmark across all jurisdictions is not a sufficient guide. Overall, Mississippi counties maintain unreserved fund balances ranging from a negative balance to over one hundred percent of their current expenditures. Counties also increase reserves during times of relative resource abundance and decrease them during relative resource scarcity. Moreover, they tend to address short‐term needs and resident demands when revenues are plentiful. During relative resource scarcity, however, they are more cost‐conscious and focus on maintaining rather than expanding current expenditures. This research shows that counties using the Beat system, a political form of government, are more likely to behave more frugally than counties using a Unit system, an administrative form of government. 相似文献
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RODOLFO O. DE LA GARZA 《Political science quarterly》2013,128(1):171-173