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321.
We are indebted to Bruce Cain (California Institute of Technology) for the inspiration which led to this paper, and to Richard Morrill (Department of Geography, University of Washington, Seattle), Vincent Monico (Public Affairs Branch, Bureau of Indian Affairs), and Michael Lawson (Tribal Acknowledgments and Research Branch, Bureau of Indian Affairs) for helpful suggestions as to data sources. This research was completed while the first author was a Fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, and was partially supported by NSF Grant #BNS 80-01194 to CASBS Stanford. 相似文献
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Rational incentives and psychological involvement are hypothetical alternative motives for voting participation. The relationship of these alternative motives to turnout is explored in the presidential elections held between 1952 and 1976. Rational incentives as such are not more productive of turnout than other stimuli to psychological involvement in the electoral situation.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Conference on Turnout, San Diego, California, May 16–19, 1979. 相似文献
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Economic Change and Restructuring - 相似文献
328.
Bernard M. Dickens 《The Journal of law, medicine & ethics》1987,15(3):110-117
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Bernard J. McCarthy 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》1985,9(2):185-196
Private sector involvement in corrections is a controversial contemporary practice. This paper examines, from a historical
perspective, one state’s experiment with leasing state sentenced convicts to private contractors for use on a variety of for
profit labor projects. The convict lease system in Alabama was noteworthy for two reasons: first, Alabama relied on the lease
system of convict labor longer than any other state, and second, the state operated one of the most profitable lease systems
in the United States. Convicts in Alabama were used in agriculture, road and railway construction, manufacturing, in quarries
and in the coal mines. It was in the coal mines that the lease system brought the greatest profit and controversy. Leases
with the coal companies for convict labor became a major source of revenue for the state treasury while at the same time,
prison reformers criticized the practice for its cruel and inhumane treatment of inmates (the death rate at some of the mining
camps exceeded 40% of the inmates under custody per year). In addition, this paper examines some of the social consequences
associated with the correctional policy of convict leasing. 相似文献