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The main purpose of this paper is understanding public administration formation and change in Spain. Its development before and since the years of Franco from 1939 to 1975, is noticeably path dependent in nature. As this paper will show, the foundations were laid before the Franco regime. Then came a period of political domination of the bureaucracy and the emergence of a key structural element of Spanish administration, the special corps. The paper covers the period of political transition, democratic consolidation, and the many processes of administrative reforms. These include the reforms of the Spanish civil service as well as the deep processes of reform. 相似文献
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CRIME AND FEAR: Evidence from Australia 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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CARLOS S. NINO 《Ratio juris》1991,4(1):36-51
Abstract. The author deals with one aspect of the justification of governmental action and its product (the law). He focuses on the authoritative character of legal rule, analyzing the apparent capacity of governments to produce reasons for action not grounded on substantive moral considerations. The assumption of that capacity seems necessary in order to establish a general moral obligation to obey a government irrespective of the actions required. This question is faced in connection with the thesis that only a particular form of government, democracy, is morally justified insofar as it rests on legal rules issued by a legitimate source. 相似文献
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MIKE DAVIS WOLE SOYINKA TARIQ RAMADAN GORAN ROSENBERG AKBAR AHMED GRAHAM FULLER FRANCIS FUKUYAMA SHIRIN EBADI MUHAMMAD SAHIMI HANS BLIX CHRIS PATTEN PERVEZ MUSHARRAF RECEP TAYYIP ERDOGAN CARLOS FUENTES JORGE CASTANEDA JOSEPH STIGLITZ FERNANDO HENRIQUE CARDOSO RAUL ALFONSIN MITSUKO SHIMOMURA AYAAN HIRSI ALI 《新观察季刊》2008,25(1):70-71
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