振兴东北的逻辑起点——区域制度创新

新制度经济学认为,造成区域经济发展差异的主要因素是制度,制度创新决定技术创新。东北的落后表现在经济上,反映在制度上。在振兴东北的思路上应当具有系统性与逻辑性。振兴东北的最大障碍是人与制度的关系,从社会层面来看是文化上的落后,缺乏创新精神;从社会管理层面来看是政府示范引导不力,自身改革滞后。更新社会观念,加快政府改革是摆脱制度束缚,振兴东北的逻辑起点。     

A modification of the microplate method for reverse ABO typing of bloodstains and additional validation studies

The results of additional validation studies of a sensitive microplate hemagglutination assay for ABO reverse grouping of bloodstains are presented. The results of the validation study demonstrate the reliability of the microplate assay for use in routine serological casework. Based on these studies, the microplate assay has now replaced the Lattes crust test for ABO reverse grouping of bloodstains in the FBI Laboratory.     

Acidic and neutral drugs screen in blood with quantitation using microbore high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection and capillary gas chromatography–flame ionization detection

Blood previously acidified with aqueous saturated ammonium chloride solution was extracted with ethyl acetate. The dried extract was subjected to acetonitrile–hexane partition. The acetonitrile portion was analysed for the presence of acidic and neutral drugs by HPLC–DAD (200 mm×2.1 mm I.D. microbore ODS-Hypersil column) and GC–FID (25 m narrow-bore×0.25 mm I.D. HP-5 column with 0.33 μm film thickness). The protocol was found to be suitable for both clinical toxicology (including emergency toxicology) and postmortem toxicology. At least 66 drugs of interest were unequivocally identified by RRTs (HPLC) and UV spectra (DAD) match while another 12 were unequivocally identified by double RRTs match (HPLC and GC). Quantitation was facilitated by incorporating calibration blood standards in each assay batch. The five drugs most commonly encountered in clinical blood specimens (1150 cases) were: paracetamol (47.4% of the cases); chlormezanone (6.6%), theophylline (1.74%), naproxen (1.65%) and mefenamic acid (1.56%). The following drugs were detected in toxicologically significant quantities in postmortem blood specimens (245 cases): phenobarbitone (1.22% of the cases), naproxen (0.82%), chlormezanone (0.82%), theophylline (0.82%), carbamazepine (0.41%) and paracetamol (0.41%).     

Understanding Recreation and Sport as a Rehabilitative Tool Within Juvenile Justice Programs

This article discusses relevant literature on the potential benefits of sport, recreation, and leisure, and how these benefits relate to rehabilitation of juveniles. Many professionals involved in juvenile rehabilitation believe sport and recreation are beneficial adjuncts to treatment programming; however, it can be difficult to structure sport and recreation in ways that directly correspond to treatment goals. The purpose of this article is to provide insights for professionals working with juveniles on how sport and recreation programming can be an effective means of helping to achieve rehabilitation goals. Attention is given to approaches, particularly the Teaching Games for Understanding model (Bunker & Thorpe, 1982), which can be used to effectively link recreation and sport to the rehabilitation process.     

论我国旅游经济法制建设

加入WTO后 ,我国的经济立法 ,特别是涉外经济立法必将向国际标准靠齐。在旅游经济领域 ,世界贸易组织的一揽子协定 ,特别是其中的《服务贸易总协定》(GATS)所确立的一系列法律规范 ,将成为我国旅游法制建设的“国际标准”。本文着重根据《协定》的有关法律规范 ,对我国旅游经济法制建设的法理依据作一阐述 ,在此基础上从立法学的角度剖析我国旅游经济法制建设的现状 ,并提出若干建议。     

我国农产品国际竞争力与发展"1.5产业"

为应对加入WTO后的挑战,我国必须提高农产品国际竞争力。我国农产品国际竞争力不强的原因之一,是我国农业生产经营规模过小,而其最根本的原因在于农业劳动力太多,因此,转移农业剩余劳动力是提高我国农产品国际竞争力的重要途径。发展“1.5产业”可以较大量地吸纳农村剩余劳动力,从而扩大农业生产经营规模,提高我国农产品的国际竞争力。