Utilization of paw prints for species identification in the Canidae family

In this report, the bodies of six skinned animals were submitted to the Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory for necropsy examination as authorities were concerned these animals were domestic dogs. Given the condition of the animals, identification of the animal species could not be based on traditional physical characteristics such as size, fur characteristics, and ear characteristics. The paw prints from these animals were characterized based on size, heel pad architecture, and claw characteristics. The length of the forepaws measured 3-3.25 in., four toes were observed and only the claws of digits 3 and 4 were identified, and the heel pad had a pronounced three-lobed rear margin. The rear margin of the heel pad of the hind foot was of circular shape with two slightly forward-pointing crescents laterally. Based on the features of the paw print it was determined that the animals necropsied were coyotes.     

美国“F立方”证券欺诈诉讼管辖权规则及其晚近发展

"F立方"证券欺诈诉讼近年来在美国呈迅速增长态势,在美国证券立法框架下,此类诉讼的管辖权主要涉及1934年《证券交易法》中"10b规则"的性质及域外适用问题。2010年联邦最高法院对"莫里森诉澳大利亚国家银行案"的判决,使得"F立方"诉讼管辖权规则开始由"行为"和"效果"标准向"交易标准"转变。而该案之后《华尔街改革和消费者保护法》的出台,以及美国联邦地区法院对"交易标准"的适用与发展,丰富了"F立方"诉讼管辖权的规则内容。美国"F立方"诉讼管辖权规则的发展,也将对我国上市公司以及私人证券欺诈诉讼机制的构建产生一定影响。     

关于创办China Legal Science(《中国法学(英文版)》)杂志的公告

<正>1.国家新闻出版总署于2012年9月7日以"新闻出版总署文件(新出审字[2012]695号)"批复中国法学会,同意创办China Legal Science(《中国法学(英文版)》)杂志(以下简称"杂志")。2.杂志由中共中央政法委员会主管,中国法学会主办,中国法学杂志社出版。杂志新编国     

Accuracy and reliability of cone beam computed tomography of the jaws for comparative forensic identification: a preliminary study

Conventional computed tomography is an emerging modality in forensic identification but is not sufficiently accurate for use in dental identification primarily because of problems with metallic dental restoration-induced streak artifact. In this study, the accuracy and reliability of recording forensic information from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of the jaws when compared to conventional panoramic radiographs has been analyzed under experimental conditions. Information could be recorded with near-perfect repeatability and reproducibility. Information could also be recorded accurately, the sensitivity being 96.6% (95% CI, 95.1-98.1) and specificity being 98.4% (95% CI, 96.2-100). The metal dental restoration-induced streak artifact was at a level that permitted, in most cases, accurate observations. This is considered an important step in validating CBCT as a tool in comparative dental identification of bodies. It may have a role in mass fatalities and in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear incidents, but further studies are required to assess the feasibility of this.     

Reducing intimate and paying partner violence against women who exchange sex in Mongolia: results from a randomized clinical trial

Women who exchange sex for money or other goods, that is, female sex workers, are at increased risk of experiencing physical and sexual violence from both paying and intimate partners. Exposure to violence can be exacerbated by alcohol use and HIV/STI risk. The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of a HIV/STI risk reduction and enhanced HIV/STI risk reduction intervention at decreasing paying and intimate partner violence against Mongolian women who exchange sex and engage in harmful alcohol use. Women are recruited and randomized to either (a) four sessions of a relationship-based HIV/STI risk reduction intervention (n = 49), (b) the same HIV/STI risk reduction intervention plus two additional motivational interviewing sessions (n = 58), or (c) a four session control condition focused on wellness promotion (n = 59). All the respondents complete assessments at baseline (preintervention) as well as at immediate posttest, 3 and 6 months postintervention. A multilevel logistic model finds that women who participated in the HIV/STI risk reduction group (OR = 0.14, p < .00), HIV/STI risk reduction and motivational interview group (OR = 0.46, p = .02), and wellness (OR = 0.20, p < .00) group reduced their exposure to physical and sexual violence in the past 90 days. No significant differences in effects are observed between conditions. This study demonstrates the efficacy of a relationship-based HIV/STI risk reduction intervention, a relationship-based HIV/STI risk reduction intervention combined with motivational interviewing, and a wellness promotion intervention in reducing intimate and paying partner violence against women who exchange sex in Mongolia. The findings have significant implications for the impact of minimal intervention and the potential role of peer networks and social support in reducing women's experiences of violence in resource poor settings.     

Protection orders protect against assault and injury: a longitudinal study of police-involved women victims of intimate partner violence

The objective of this study was to measure the efficacy of protection orders (POs) in reducing assault and injury-related outcomes using a matched comparison group and tracking outcomes over time. This study was a retrospective review of police, emergency department, family court, and prosecutor administrative records for a cohort of police-involved female IPV victims; all events over a 4-year study period were abstracted. Victims who obtained POs were compared with a propensity-score-based match group without POs over three time periods: Before, During, and After the issuance of a PO. Having a PO in place was associated with significantly more calls to police for nonassaultive incidents and more police charging requests that were of multiple-count and felony-level. Comparing outcomes, PO victims had police incident rates that were more than double the matched group prior to the PO but dropped to the level of the matched group during and after the order. ED visits dropped over time for both groups. This study confirmed the protective effect of POs, which are associated with reduced police incidents and emergency department visits both during and after the order and reduced police incidents compared with a matched comparison group.     

基于胜任力的测查式公务员培训新探——以湖北省省直机关处级公务员为例

本研究以湖北省省直机关处级公务员为例,探索构建以胜任力为导向的测查式公务员培训模式。本文运用胜任力理论和素质测评技术,构建省直机关处级公务员胜任力模型,依据胜任力指标对处级公务员能力现状进行测查和分析,探求其实际能力与岗位胜任力之间的差距,在突出科学测查环节基础上确定培训需求,设计多样化的培训方案,以提升公务员胜任力水平从而提升其工作绩效。     

省级“政府绩效评价”模式及比较

省级政府在中国层级政府结构中具有特殊地位。作为体制内评价,省级政府绩效评价体现中央政府的宏观意图,对市、县、镇级政府有着决定性影响。目前省级政府绩效评价或政绩考核可划分为"效能考核"、"科学发展水平考核评价"与"政府绩效评价"三种模式,福建、广东、深圳具有代表性。由于中国各地的情况迥然有别,不同评价模式表现出自身的地方特色和领导者的个人风格,但总体上看,三种模式均可视为自上而下的标杆管理,甚至成为强化上级政府管治的"理性工具"。     

教育信托制度:公立高校管理机制的创新

构建合理有效的公立高校管理机制一直是我国高等教育改革的重点之一。教育信托是公立高校管理方式的一种创新。从性质上看,教育信托属于一种公益信托。教育信托制度有利于避免政府的不当行政干预,保障公立高校的办学自主权;有利于提高公立高校的教育质量和办学效益;有利于防止公立高校国有资产的流失。构建我国的教育信托制度时,可由全国人大教科文卫委员会担任教育信托的管理机构,由教育行政主管部门担任教育信托的监察人,并对公立高校的权利与义务、受教育者的权利等问题加以规定。