Estimating Individual Contributions to Complex DNA SNP Mixtures.,

High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of large panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provides an alternative or complimentary approach to short tandem repeats (STRs) panels for the analysis of complex DNA mixture forensic samples. For STRs, methods to estimate individual contribution concentrations compare capillary electrophoresis peak heights, peak areas, or HTS allele read counts within a mixture. This article introduces three approaches (mean, median, and slope methods) for estimating individual DNA contributions to forensic mixtures for HTS/massively parallel sequencing (MPS) SNP panels. For SNPs, the major:minor allele ratios or counts, unique to each contributor, were compared to estimate contributor proportion within the mixture using the mean, median, and slope intercept for these alleles. The estimates for these three methods were typically within 5% of planned experimental contributions for defined mixtures.     

Political Process and Widespread Protests in China: the 2010 labor protest

Existing studies of collective actions in China pay most attention to frequent but localized protests, but such protests are less likely to deeply drive China's political and social prospect. By contrast, widespread protests are more likely to affect the Chinese Communist Party's authority and policies once they emerge. The goal of this article is thus to probe the conditions under which a widespread protest can happen in China today. This article proposes four necessary conditions grounded in the political process model and tests them by explaining the successful outbreak of the 2010 labor protest. Identifying these conditions helps us understand and predict the political and social development of China.     

谈人民警察核心价值观的培育——以辽宁省初任民警(非公安类)培训为例

人民警察核心价值观的塑造与培育,为非公安类初任民警履行人民警察的职责夯实了思想基础.只有结合非公安类学员的特点,积极引导他们认知、认同警察核心价值观,才能使他们在实践中真正内化为行为价值取向.本文以辽宁警察学院培训部教学与管理的经验为背景,积极探讨非公安类学员人民警察核心价值观培养的路径,为民警培训工作提供有意义的参考.     

论打击错误之处理原则——具体符合说之提倡

作为处理事实错误是否阻却故意的理论,具体符合说与法定符合说在打击错误的场合,争论最为激烈。无论是处理结论还是故意理念,具体符合说都更为合理。采用具体符合说并不会导致罪刑不均衡,以错误发生时间的不同为标准可以将对象错误与打击错误区分开。     

究竟谁动了谁的奶酪——加多宝与广药之争案评析

应当结合激励理论和财产权劳动理论来确定知名商品特有包装、装潢的归属;知名商品的判断除了应当考虑商品销售地域、销售时间、销售量、销售对象、广告持续时间、程度和地域范围等因素外,还应当考虑商品所使用的原材料、本身包含的成分、商品包装装潢、生产厂家等因素;商标权许可使用合同终止后,原商标权许可人和被许可使用人都负有防止混淆的义务;合同未明确约定财产权益的归属时,应当按照民法中的公平原则确定其归属。     

英国剖腹产案件中的患者自主权研究

英国20世纪90年代一系列法院授权的剖腹产案件表显出了妇产领域根深蒂固的医学与司法上的家父主义倾向——对产妇欠缺意识能力的一般推定,对产妇非理性决定的蔑视以及对产妇及/或胎儿生命利益无以复加的推重——从而与患者自主权原则发生冲突。英国法院通过对意识能力概念过于严格的解释,来绕过胎儿非为法律上之人的法律壁垒,甚至公然对实证法的立场发起挑战。上诉法院虽然在两项判决中扼制住了这一情绪化的异动,它的意识能力理论却仍然为家父主义的回潮埋下了伏笔。故而,单有法律原则,还不足以为产妇自主权提供充分保护。只要诸如应该不惜一切代价地让产妇娩出一个健康的孩子、分娩中的产妇欠缺作出有效决定的意识能力这样一些流布甚广的观念不得澄清,产妇导向的法律政策与婴儿导向的产科训练之间的冲突不得协调,强化了产科医生话语权的医疗资源匮乏状态不得根本缓解,那么,曲解、回避法律原则强行手术的作法就断不会少。     

高校教育智库建设:服务教育的应然与实然

从我国教育改革的历程来看,高校历来扮演着重要角色.服务教育改革和发展是高校教育智库建设的应有之义.目前,我国高校教育智库建设中存在着定位模糊、各自为营、转化不力等问题.建议应从凸显特色,提升高校教育智库内涵与品格;协同创新,强化高校教育智库融合发展;完善机制,促进高校教育智库成果转化等策略推进我国高校教育智库建设.     

Mapping the landscape of international technology diffusion (1994–2017): network analysis of transnational patents

The Journal of Technology Transfer - Global economic integration is driving countries and companies to increasingly pursue internationalized innovation activities. During this process,...