“天花板现象“与女性领导胜任力的保障、培育与开发

女性参与和组织公共事务管理活动,是妇女参与的最高形式,在当今世界被视为提高妇女地位的重要方面,也是衡量一个国家社会发展和文明进步的标志之一。但是,我国女性在职务晋升中还存在着只能担任低层职务,或者做到一定职位后便再难晋升的"玻璃天花板"现象。本文分析了这一现象的表现、形成根源,并提出了通过提高女性领导胜任力克服"玻璃天花板"现象的对策措施。     

Influence of electricity on post-mortal body temperature

In a case of suicidal application of electricity differences between the rectal temperature of the body and the suspected time of death were observed.In order to answer the question whether an electric current from hand to hand over >30 min led to a rise in body temperature FEM-based computer simulations and animal experiments were carried out. Both resulted in a warming of the soft parts in the arm without warming the body core. Thus a temperature-based estimation of the time since death can also be used in cases with electricity as the cause of death. Besides, in the animal experiment we found a spontaneous rise in the body core temperature even without application of electricity which may be a reason for the typical temperature plateau after death.     

试论构建中国式的认罪协商制度

认罪协商制度是在犯罪激增、司法资源紧缺而又要维护司法公正、维护当事人正当权益等各种因素下作用、平衡的产物。为解决积案问题并保障必要的公正,设立认罪协商制度需要完善的程序设计。这包括认罪协商程序的适用范围、起止的期限、提起的主题、协商的具体内容、协商后诉讼权利的丧失、被害人的同意、指定辩护人问题、法官角色、协议的撤销等。     

应急分析测试系统的建设构想与初步实践

许多突发性公共安全事故的应急处理中,分析测试资源因为能够直接参与危险物的定性和定量识别、判断危害性演变趋势和范围、为现场处理和防止危险扩大提供技术依据,并为避免同类事故重复发生提供安全评测技术而成为应急科技支撑的重要组成部分。为集中、高效和充分发挥我国分析测试资源在应急事件中的技术支撑作用,有必要尽快建设应急分析测试系统。本文阐述了应急分析测试系统建设的背景、基本构想和框架设计以及在国家科技基础条件平台建设计划支持下应急分析测试系统建设初步实践的成效。     

值得深思的刑法“宽”“严”倒错问题——以常见多发型家庭暴力犯罪为例

在刑罚轻缓化背景下研讨宽严相济政策,不应忽视现行刑法中“宽”“严”倒错现象的存在。就常见多发型家庭暴力犯罪而言,突出地表现在,一方面,是刑法对虐待罪、伤害罪的弱软失度,另一方面,是刑法对“以暴抗暴”型杀人行为的过份苛酷。因此,有必要从相关刑法规定上予以完善。     

Scale, technique and composition effects in the Mexican agricultural sector: the influence of NAFTA and the institutional environment

More than a decade after NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) entered into force, the environmental effects of agricultural trade liberalization in Mexico are still controversial, emerging, and not fully understood. This paper contributes to the literature that aims to explore trends in input use in the agricultural sector in Mexico during the post-NAFTA period among both commercial/industrial and traditional/rainfed farmers, and examines the influence of the national and multilateral institutional framework on these outcomes. We decompose the post-NAFTA agricultural production data into scale, technique and composition effects to estimate the impact that trade liberalization has had on the use of fertilizer and land use, two key agricultural inputs for which reliable aggregate data is available. We conclude that among commercial farmers patterns of crop type specialization and significant technological improvements have led to some declines in fertilizer use but they have been offset by growth in fertilizer use associated with growing agricultural output. Among traditional farmers increased output and specialization in land-intensive grain crops are contributing to an increase in land under cultivation and technological improvements show the potential, but not yet not the strength, to counteract these effects. We analyse the environmental institutional framework and rural development plans, observing that institutional weaknesses have, in several instances, reduced the environmental benefit of technique and composition effects. We conclude with recommendations about how the Mexican agricultural sector might reap the environmental benefits of international agricultural trade.     

对构建经侦工作“三大机制”的思考

如何适应市场经济的新情况、新问题,有效地防范和打击日益凸现且又隐蔽狡诈的经济犯罪,确保我国社会主义市场经济秩序稳健发展和国家经济安全运行,无疑是公安机关面临的一个重要课题.为此,要建立健全防范和打击经济犯罪的预警机制、综合防控机制、办案协作机制,提高防范和打击经济犯罪整体水平,确保经济可持续发展.