Acidic and neutral drugs screen in blood with quantitation using microbore high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection and capillary gas chromatography–flame ionization detection

Blood previously acidified with aqueous saturated ammonium chloride solution was extracted with ethyl acetate. The dried extract was subjected to acetonitrile–hexane partition. The acetonitrile portion was analysed for the presence of acidic and neutral drugs by HPLC–DAD (200 mm×2.1 mm I.D. microbore ODS-Hypersil column) and GC–FID (25 m narrow-bore×0.25 mm I.D. HP-5 column with 0.33 μm film thickness). The protocol was found to be suitable for both clinical toxicology (including emergency toxicology) and postmortem toxicology. At least 66 drugs of interest were unequivocally identified by RRTs (HPLC) and UV spectra (DAD) match while another 12 were unequivocally identified by double RRTs match (HPLC and GC). Quantitation was facilitated by incorporating calibration blood standards in each assay batch. The five drugs most commonly encountered in clinical blood specimens (1150 cases) were: paracetamol (47.4% of the cases); chlormezanone (6.6%), theophylline (1.74%), naproxen (1.65%) and mefenamic acid (1.56%). The following drugs were detected in toxicologically significant quantities in postmortem blood specimens (245 cases): phenobarbitone (1.22% of the cases), naproxen (0.82%), chlormezanone (0.82%), theophylline (0.82%), carbamazepine (0.41%) and paracetamol (0.41%).     

在中外大学校长论坛开幕式上的致词

在风景秀丽的北京 ,酝酿已久的中外大学校长论坛隆重开幕了。我们有幸邀请到来自国内外著名大学校长 ,共同探讨高等教育的重大课题 ,交流有益的经验 ,具有非常重要的意义。在此 ,我谨代表中华人民共和国教育部 ,向远道而来的各位来宾 ,向在座的中外教育同行 ,表示热烈的欢迎和诚挚的感谢 !教育是人类文明进步与繁荣的重要标志 ,是经济社会发展的重要动力源泉。在人类不懈奋斗、竭力前行的历史进程中 ,教育承担了不可替代的使命和职能 ,发挥了重要的作用。早在两千多年前 ,中国先秦时期一部经典著作《大学》这样说 :“大学之道 ,在明明德 ,在…     

用创新精神推动党校工作的发展

党校为了迎对新世纪的挑战与机遇,必须用创新精神推动党校工作的发展。     

法律、秩序与自由——与哈耶克的边界之旅

法律并非全能由人的理性设计与安排。理性是分裂的、忧郁的、恐惧的 ,也是自由的。我们的行为乃是在一种无知的情境中展开的 ,秩序与法律在无知中生成。自生自发秩序 (民间法 )与人造秩序 (国家法 )两者的生发方式、被遵从方式以及目的指涉与对象指向均不同 ,两者的冲突是绝对的。法律无力引导道德 ,法律只是自由的保护神 ,而非自由之敌。     

杭州经济发展中的治安环境问题研究

经济发展中的治安环境问题最直接的表现是刑事犯罪问题。建国以来50年间 ,杭州市经济发展经历了三个历史阶段 ,刑事犯罪经历了三个时期、四个高峰。从两者的发展过程看 ,经济发展与刑事犯罪的关系反映了以下基本规律 :1.经济发展不是导致犯罪增长的必然因素 ,但对刑事犯罪变化起着重要的影响作用 ;2.刑事犯罪具有强烈的反社会性 ,对经济发展起严重的破坏作用 ;3.经济发展既是引起刑事犯罪增多的重要因素 ,又为控制和减少犯罪创造了条件。目前 ,杭州市在经济快速发展时期出现犯罪增长的现象 ,究其原因 ,主要由四对基本矛盾引起。为了创造一个良好的社会治安环境 ,必须建立一个有效的犯罪防控机制 ,包括打击、防范、管理、法律、教育五个机制。     

Enzyme activity of PGM1 in erythrocytes

The enzyme activity of phosphoglucomutase (PGM) has been investigated in red cell haemolysates from 142 individuals and compared to the sub-type as determined by isoelectric focusing. The 10 phenotypes showed significant differences in PGM-activity which indicates that there is a correlation between the level of activity and the isolelectric point of homozygotes. No indication of silent alleles or alleles with reduced activity was found in this collective.     

冠心病猝死心肌肌动蛋白缺失的免疫组织化学定量研究

应用免疫组织化学LSAB法和图像处理系统，对德国慕尼黑大学法医学研究所1994年尸检冠心病猝死和对照组病例（各15例）的心肌肌动蛋白缺失情况进行定量研究。发现冠心病猝死病例心肌纤维内有明显的肌动蛋白缺失，是大小不一，多发、散在分布；对照组无或仅局限性小灶状缺失。将检测结果定量分析比较，其差异非常显著，说明重度冠状动脉粥样硬化患者是否冠心病猝死，其心肌肌动蛋白缺失的范围和程度有明显差异，冠心病猝死和对照组病例心肌肌动蛋白缺失的差异具有诊断意义，而形态定量分析能较客观准确地反映心肌纤维内肌动蛋白缺失量的变化。     

Recovery of decomposed and skeletal human remains in the "Green River Murder" Investigation. Implications for medical examiner/coroner and police

The Green River Murder Investigation in King County, Washington, is currently the longest active serial murder investigation in U.S. history. During its course, over 26 separate scenes with from one to five victims each have been processed. The experience of the authors is presented in order to acquaint other agencies with techniques of outdoor scene processing that have evolved during recovery of remains from Green River and other skeletal cases.