Criminal attitudes and psychopathic personality attributes of youth gang offenders in Singapore

Gang-affiliated youth are responsible for a disproportionate amount of serious and violent offenses. However, there is scant focus on the psychological variables that could be important for treatment planning and program development. Awareness of these variables is important for treatment planning and program development and also, potentially, for understanding which youth may be attracted to gangs. This study compared the criminal attitudes and psychopathic personality attributes of gang- and nongang-affiliated youth offenders (N=168) residing in youth correctional institutions in Singapore. Multivariate analyses indicated that favorable attitudes toward gangs (ATG), violence, and criminal associates remained significantly associated with gang membership after accounting for favorable attitudes toward violence and criminal associates, as well as increased attitudes of entitlement and impulsive/irresponsible traits. These attitudes were likely to perpetuate gang affiliation and criminal behavior, and thus should be a focus for intervention and rehabilitation efforts.     

中国烟草行业体制改革研究

随着全球经济一体化的不断发展,中国烟草行业面临着内部和外部的双重挑战,承受着前所未有的竞争压力,行业体制改革势在必行。本文认为,由于烟草行业的特殊性,其体制改革需要拓展新的思路,在不能大幅度扩大产量和调整价格的情况下,应以节约各项生产成本及以经营管理中的交易成本为体制创新的主导思想,进而完善现有的烟草行业管理体制。     

法律发现——司法过程中使用的一种法律方法

在传统法学研究方法中,阶级分析方法、比较研究方法、演绎推理等方法是经常使用的主要研究方法,近些年来,随着人们对法学方法论研究的深入,法律逻辑分析、法律推理等方法已越来越广泛的被人们所采纳。然而,在司法过程中被人们经常运用的法律发现方法却很少引起人们的广泛关注。在传统的司法过程中,人们往往比较注重法律解释和法律推理方法,而对法律发现方法却被人们所忽视。实际上在司法过程中确实存在着法律发现方法,它不仅是法律方法之一,而且在司法过程中起着重要的作用。     

《共同纲领》与国民经济恢复时期的国家经济建设

本文初步解读和简要概述了《共同纲领》中新民主主义经济方针的基本内容和历史针对性。《共同纲领》是中国共产党长期探索新民主主义经济理论的思想结晶。从理论属性说,它不是社会主义的,而是新民主主义的。从实践方面说,它成功引导了国民经济恢复时期的国家经济活动。     

“一体两面”的企业社会责任与公司法的进化

<正>引言对于"企业社会责任"这一西方舶来品,法学界出于法学一贯的保守态度对其持谨慎、质疑的态度。这种质疑来自两个方面:第一,实践方面,这会不会是另一个"全球化的陷阱"?即,当西方社会处于发达阶段以后,用"企业社会责任"的幌子来压制发展中国家的比较优势或者强迫后者增加发展成本;第二,理论方面,"企业社会责任"(Corporate So-     

对绑架罪法定刑立法规定之思考

绑架罪是我国1997年刑法增设的一项新罪,但其刑罚过严,量刑情节过于简单,且死刑适用情节不加区分,死刑适用绝对确定。因此,有必要从立法上完善对本罪法定刑的设置,增设必要的量刑情节,并以相对确定的法定刑取代绝对确定的死刑规定。     

The predictive validity of youth violence risk assessment tools: a systematic review

ABSTRACT

This paper reports the findings of a systematic search of published literature which reports the predictive validity of violence risk assessment tools specifically designed for use with youth. A total of 38 studies, involving 9,307 participants, reported data for six different tools; the most common of which were the SAVRY and the YLS/CMI. Each of the tools demonstrated at least moderate levels of predictive validity, with the predictive validity of several newer assessment tools yet to be established. The results provide an up-to-date overview of the state of knowledge in an area in which practitioners make choices about which tools to use on an almost daily basis. It is important that practitioners are aware of the strength of evidence that is available to support the choice of violence risk assessment tools and the interpretation of results.     

COMPARABLE WORTH IN STATE GOVERNMENT; TRENDS AND ISSUES

Comparable worth continues to be a controversial issue both in the private and public sector, but particularly in state government. Between 1981 and 1985, a t least 38 states entertained the comparable worth issue at some level. Based on three surveys conducted in 1984 and 1985, this study found that the extent o f states' comparable worth activities, when measured by the introduction of comparable worth bills, tends to vary depending upon the states' geographical location, party line-ups in the legislatures, unionization of state employees, and the states' votes on the Equal Rights Amendment. The study also identifies a few issues in implementing comparable worth in state government–such as job evaluation, and costs of comparable worth.     

市民社会视野中的社区警务战略

市民社会的兴起是社区建设的重要特征,给新警务模式--社区警务带来巨大影响。市民社会的兴起是提出社区警务的重要背景,是社区警务运行的现实基础,有效地促进社区警务工作的变革。