Development and validation of the AmpFlSTR Yfiler PCR amplification kit: a male specific, single amplification 17 Y-STR multiplex system

In the past 5 years, there has been a substantial increase in the use of Y-short tandem repeat loci (Y-STRs) in forensic laboratories, especially in cases where typing autosomal STRs has met with limited success. The AmpFlSTR Yfiler PCR amplification kit simultaneously amplifies 17 Y-STR loci including the loci in the "European minimal haplotype" (DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, and DYS393), the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) recommended Y-STR loci (DYS438 and DYS439), and the highly polymorphic loci DYS437, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, Y GATA H4, and DYS635 (formerly known as Y GATA C4). The Yfiler kit was validated according to the FBI/National Standards and SWGDAM guidelines. Our results showed that full profiles are attainable with low levels of male DNA (below 125 pg) and that under optimized conditions, no detectable cross-reactive products were obtained on human female DNA, bacteria, and commonly encountered animal species. Additionally, we demonstrated the ability to detect male specific profiles in admixed male and female blood samples at a ratio of 1:1000.     

National security vs. economic interests: reassessing Taiwan's mainland policy under Chen Shui‐bian

Having finished its first term, the Chen Shui‐bian Administration has found itself in deep water in the troubled cross‐Strait relations. Not only has Chen himself been making contradictory remarks, the Cabinet has been indecisive over issues related to China. The most difficult and irritating case for the DPP government has been the handling of the call made by high‐tech industries to allow them to invest in the mainland. The controversy seems to highlight a dilemma for Taiwan: while it needs the mainland market to save it from the current economic doldrums and create yet another potential ‘miracle’ of becoming a global economic powerhouse, it is worried that further economic engagement with its former rival may pose new kinds of threats to its national security. The debate over whether to allow an eight‐inch wafer foundry, the crown jewel of Taiwan's economy, to invest in the mainland market is but one case, albeit a highly significant one, of the difficult relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.     

Latent Fingerprint Development on Thermal Paper Using Traditional Ninhydrin and 1,2‐indanedione

Thermal paper poses a significant challenge to latent print development as it tends to change color when traditional fingerprint development formulations are applied to it. In this study, the optimal components of ninhydrin, 1,2‐indanedione, 1,8‐diazafluoren‐9‐one (DFO), and 5‐methylthioninhydrin (5‐MTN) for yielding clear fingerprints on thermal paper were determined by systematically adjusting the relative amounts of the reagents, polar solvents, and the nonpolar diluent petroleum ether, followed by validation on text‐printed thermal paper. Specifically, 3.0% ethyl acetate as the polar solvent in petroleum ether was found to be the optimal combination; the optimal dilution ratios of ninhydrin, DFO, and 5‐MTN original solutions with petroleum ether were 1 to 2, 11, and 7, respectively. The optimal concentration of 1,2‐indanedione in petroleum ether was 0.125 g/L, with a string of 0.5% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether.     

桂林，恩情深厚的地方

2001年11月,在越南南方各省市生活和工作的原越南少年儿童学校师生一行20人来到桂林,当年我们亲爱的母校旧址进行访问。到桂林后,在广西师范大学越南语专家、长期以来与我们关系密切的杜剑宣老师的帮助下,我们参观了1937～1945年中国人民抗日战争期间在桂林中山北路96号设立的八路军桂林办事处。今天,这栋两层楼的木制房屋已成为桂林市的一座纪念馆。馆内设有一间陈列室,室内显要的位置上挂着敬爱的胡伯伯的相片,相片下面写着:“越南民主共和国主席胡志明”。纪念馆负责人介绍说,胡主席从1938年至1940年曾化名胡光,以八路军少校的身份在这里…     

Social welfare needs of residents in polluted areas: A case of Dioxin pollution in southern Taiwan

This article defines the social welfare needs of residents living in a severely polluted community by examining a set of communities around the An‐shun plant in southern Taiwan that were polluted by dioxin. The study examines the inhabitants' economic status, the communities' manpower utilization, and the prevention of social contingencies and the provision of aftercare. A survey conducted between March–April 2008 revealed the need to reduce poverty in these highly polluted communities, to identify and maximize each community's human resources, to address illness, aging, pollution, and lack of professional skills, and to better inform residents about pollution so that they can understand how to protect themselves. The article concludes with suggested programs to meet the social welfare needs of residents in a highly polluted community. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

依法执政的原则

依法执政的原则,是依法执政这个重大理论和实践问题的根本前提。通过对这个问题的探讨,本文作出对《执政法》的初步设想。     

Fatal Falls from Height in Taiwan

This study conducts an investigation of fatal falls from height, examines gender differences, and compares our findings with those of Western countries. We review deaths in Taiwan caused by falls from height that underwent forensic autopsy from 1994 to 2010. Among the examined cases, 182 were suicide, 156 were accidents, and 18 were homicides. Men who fell from greater heights had a lower probability of fatal head trauma (p = 0.045), and women exhibited a lower fatal head trauma rate when falling from heights of between 10 and 25 m in accident group (p = 0.003). There was no significant difference between cases of falling from greater and lower heights within the suicide group (p = 0.834). Psychiatric illness was only reported in 20.3% and 28.8% cases in suicide and accident groups. Only in male cases was the use of psychotropic substances higher in the suicide groups than in the accident groups (p = 0.047).     

Characteristics and trends of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) tablets found in Taiwan from 2002 to February 2005

One hundred and eighty-one 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) containing tablets were sampled from confiscated drugs received by the Taiwan National Bureau of Controlled Drugs for testing from 2002 to February 2005. Sample tablets demonstrated various colors and logos. The appearances, contents of MDMA and other components in these tablets were analyzed in order to understand the characteristics and trends of MDMA use. Samples were analyzed using GC-MS methodology. Deuterated internal standards were used for drug quantification. The MDMA contents varied from 16 to 193 mg/tablet. 66-71% of the tablets seized each year contained only MDMA, and the content of MDMA in MDMA only tablets varied from 89 to 133 mg/tablet. There was a decreasing trend in MDMA content in these tablets over time. Other components commonly found besides MDMA included caffeine (18%), methamphetamine (7%), 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) (7%) and amphetamine (4%). 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), ketamine, ephedrine, diazepam, chlorzoxazone and nicotinamide were also detected. During the study period, the number of other drugs found as well as the combinations of different drugs detected in these tablets increased.     

Cookie信息取证方法简述

本文综述了计算机取证中涉及Cookie取证方面的基础知识和应用技术。分别从Cookie基本常识、Cookie存在的安全方面问题、Cookie获取方法、Cookie相关软件工具和Cookie缓存文件信息获取5个方面进行了综述。