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81.
Contagion Effects and Ethnic Contribution Networks 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Wendy K. Tam Cho 《American journal of political science》2003,47(2):368-387
Many political behavior theories explicitly incorporate the idea that context matters in politics. Nonetheless, the concept of spatial dependence—in particular, that behavior in geographic units is somehow related to and affected by behavior in neighboring areas—is not extensively explored. The study of campaign finance is no exception. Research in this area concentrates on the attributes of the individual donor, leaving context underexplored. Concepts such as contribution networks, for instance, are not rigorously tested. This article reexamines the impact of conventional socio-demographic covariates on campaign donation behavior by ethnic contributors and explicitly models spatial effects. The spatial analysis reveals that patterns of campaign donations are geographically clustered (exhibiting both spatial dependence, implying a neighborhood effect, and spatial heterogeneity, implying a regional effect), and that this clustering cannot be explained completely by socioeconomic and demographic variables. While socio-demographic characteristics are important components of the dynamic underlying campaign contributions, there is also evidence consistent with a contagion effect whereby ethnic contribution networks are fueling funds to candidate coffers. 相似文献
82.
A long-standing empirical literature has been concerned with determining whether voters vote “prospectively or “retrospectively.” Despite this interest, little is known about the consequences of one voting regime versus another. This study addresses this deficiency. We find that voter welfare can be greatly affected by the candidate selection technique employed by voters. Among other findings, we show that “electing the best candidate” does not always maximize voter welfare. Furthermore, “myopic” voting is sometimes superior to “farsighted” voting. These findings have implications for interpretations of empirical studies of voter behavior. 相似文献
83.
84.
This paper uses a unique data set constructed from two sets of administrative records to examine the relationship between
incarceration and employment rates for former female state prisoners from Illinois. Our analysis indicates that although prison
is associated with declining employment rates during the quarters leading up to women’s incarcerations, it does not appear
to harm their employment prospects later on. In the short-term, we estimate that women’s post-prison employment rates are
about 4 percentage points above expected levels. However, these employment gains do not persist and gradually fall back to
pre-prison levels. These results indicate that time out of the work force is not a cost associated with incarcerating women.
相似文献
Rosa M. ChoEmail: |
85.
Security,Nationalism and Popular Culture: Screening South Korea’s Uneasy Identity in the Early 2000s
Young Chul Cho 《East Asia》2009,26(3):227-246
By examining the cultural representations of the South Korean notion of the Self/Other in relation to its major traditional
enemy — North Korea — this article aims to capture a picture of South Korea’s discursive economy of the North, and to problematise
the South Korean identities implicated in that economy in the early 2000s. To achieve these aims, this article focuses on
representations of a successful popular South Korean film which was released in 2000, just a few months after the first inter-Korean
summit: Joint Security Area JSA. By analytically reading JSA, it is revealed that, in South Korea, the traditional discursive practices based on the Cold War thinking have been eroded.
For the South, the North is part of the Self (Korean-ness; love for the North as the same nation) and, at the same time, is
an Other (South Korean-ness; contempt for the North as an inferior state). Related to this, South Korea appears to be the
uneasy Self without a firm Other in between Korean-ness and South Korean-ness. 相似文献
86.
The relationship between the length of tenure of elected heads of local governments (HOLG) and performance of local governments remains ambiguous, with few empirical studies on it. Korea presents a compelling case in that it has limited HOLG to serve only three consecutive terms based on the untested belief that longer tenures have a negative effect on local governments. To address these gaps, this study applies the fixed effect panel model, using the Korean government data from 2008 to 2014. Our findings reveal a negative relationship between tenure length and efficiency, particularly among local governments demonstrating a low level of efficiency. The relationship between the length of tenure and integrity is also negative, especially among local governments with low levels of integrity. However, given that these relationships disappear when factors specific to local governments are controlled, our findings should be interpreted cautiously. 相似文献
87.
We examine spatial patterns of mass political participation in the form of volunteering and donating to a major statewide election campaign. While these forms of participation are predictably associated with the political and socioeconomic characteristics of the precincts in which the participants reside, we find that these statistical relationships are spatially nonstationary. High-income neighborhoods, for example, are associated with stronger effects on participation at some locations more than at others. By using geographically weighted regression (GWR) to specify local regression parameters, we are able to capture the heterogeneity of contextual processes that generate the geographically uneven flow of volunteers and contributors into a political campaign. Since spatial nonstationarity may well be a rule rather than an exception in the study of many political phenomena, social scientific analyses should be mindful that relationships may vary by location. 相似文献
88.
89.
Jungeun Olivia Lee Junhan Cho Yoewon Yoon Mariel S. Bello Rubin Khoddam Adam M. Leventhal 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2018,47(2):334-348
Although lower socioeconomic status has been linked to increased youth substance use, much less research has determined potential mechanisms explaining the association. The current longitudinal study tested whether alternative (i.e., pleasure gained from activities without any concurrent use of substances) and complementary (i.e., pleasure gained from activities in tandem with substance use) reinforcement mediate the link between lower socioeconomic status and youth substance use. Further, we tested whether alternative and complementary reinforcement and youth substance use gradually unfold over time and then intersect with one another in a cascading manner. Potential sex differences are also examined. Data were drawn from a longitudinal survey of substance use and mental health among high school students in Los Angeles. Data collection involved four semiannual assessment waves beginning in fall 2013 (N?=?3395; M baseline age?=?14.1; 47% Hispanic, 16.2% Asian, 16.1% multiethnic, 15.7% White, and 5% Black; 53.4% female). The results from a negative binomial path model suggested that lower parental socioeconomic status (i.e., lower parental education) was significantly related to an increased number of substances used by youth. The final path model revealed that the inverse association was statistically mediated by adolescents’ diminished engagement in pleasurable substance-free activities (i.e., alternative reinforcers) and elevated engagement in pleasurable activities paired with substance use (i.e., complementary reinforcers). The direct effect of lower parental education on adolescent substance use was not statistically significant after accounting for the hypothesized mediating mechanisms. No sex differences were detected. Increasing access to and engagement in pleasant activities of high quality that do not need a reinforcement enhancer, such as substances, may be useful in interrupting the link between lower parental socioeconomic status and youth substance use. 相似文献