Sixth Circuit does not give audio books a receptive ear

The Sixth Circuit construes the Record Rental Amendment of 1984as applicable only to musical sound recordings, not to audiobooks, but allows claims of trade mark infringement to proceed,since the claims allege misleading statements on the repackagedproducts which have the potential likelihood of causing consumerconfusion.     

‘It Depends on Them’ – Exploring Order and Disjuncture in Responding to the Local Needs of AIDS Affected Communities in the Kingdom of Swaziland

Abstract

Though the role of global–local partnerships in the HIV/AIDS response has been widely advocated, many social theorists question their ability to promote sustainable change in the lives of everyday communities. This is often related to the distance between policy and governance structures, and, the realities of life in AIDS affected communities. This article unpacks the specifics of this ‘distance’ in the context of the HIV/AIDS response in the Kingdom of Swaziland. A framework applies the notions of ‘order and disjuncture’ to structure a discussion of policy documents and a thematic analysis of focus group data with participants who ‘live’ the outputs of policies enabled by global–local partnerships. Findings uncover that programming and community difficulties emerge around assumptions about responsibility (which link back to international discourses on volunteerism) and actual requirements for supporting community life in the context of the pandemic.     

Ethnic versus organizational cultures: The bureaucratic alternative

It has been suggested that the common values and beliefs of an organization's culture can be used to control employee behavior. However, the use of organizational culture to control behavior assumes that employees either already have, or can be inculcated with common values and beliefs. The flow of immigrants across national borders increases the diversity of organization workforces. This diversity may include employees who hold values and beliefs associated with their membership in different ethnic cultures. It may be difficult or impossible to infuse common values and beliefs in such a diverse workforce. A more bureaucratic form of organizational governance, in which rules and expectations are made explicit, may be more appropriate when an organizations′ employees are members of diverse ethnic cultures.     

Male and female reasoning biases and offending behavior

Although the majority of the general population decides not to offend, a significant proportion decides otherwise. The research presented in this article explores whether offenders reason in manners that are comparable with a non-offender population, or if their decision to offend may be a consequence of inappropriate reasoning strategies. Psychologists have observed systematic deviations from logical predictions of reasoning behavior on a variety of tasks and that content specific information can have marked effects on reasoning behavior. Established reasoning tasks were adapted for use in a crime specific context to examine whether such biases were apparent in an offender population. Moreover, given a paucity of research into gender differences, the research conducted balanced for gender in a methodologically rigorous design. Data suggested that reasoning biases found with non-offender populations extended to an offender population and some interactions by gender and by offender group were noted. Implications of the results are discussed with suggestions on how the research may be extended and implications for policy.     

The Development of Carter's Urban Policy: One Small Step For Federalism

Proposals for a national urban policy underwent drastic revisionin the Carter White House after mid-January 1978. The followingarticle analyzes the evolution of the policy up to that change.