Global Constitutionalism and Judicial Activism in Taiwan

In sociological research, law is usually considered as either a variable independent of the force of social change or a variable dependent on its shaping and moulding. Any changes in law, if not caused by social change, must be its effects. The post-1980s activism of the Council of Grand Justices (the Judicial Yuan) marked the emergence of what might be called the “global new constitutionalism” in Taiwanese society. Claiming a holistic concept of citizenship, the Grand Justices revamped the anachronistic pseudo-democratic mechanism through the medium of constitution interpretations. In order to facilitate democratic consolidation, the Grand Justices also painstakingly amended earlier versions of administrative law to facilitate the development of a reliable bureaucracy and enhanced public administration. As the battle for enhancing administrative accountability complicated the interplay between the judicial activists and other political actors, judicial activism unexpectedly linked to processes of regime change. At the same time, this activism provides researchers with a window on Tom Ginsburg's insurance thesis and Ran Hirschl's hegemonic preservation thesis regarding judicial activism.     

Labor militancy and Taiwan's export-led industrialization

This article focuses on the various patterns of labor militancy in the process of Taiwan's export-led industrialization. It elaborates the variables that contribute to the various patterns of labor militancy and the possible causal relationships between them from three crucial dimensions — economic performances of export-led industrialization, the effects of a politicized environment, and the interaction between labor activists, government and rank-and-filers. By using evidence from Taiwan, it develops a two-dimensional diagram and testifies four propositions. First, export-led industrialization is not always associated with the deterioration of living standards and increasing material hardships, neither does it inevitably give rise to anti-system labor militancy. Secondly, the rise and the intensity of labor militancy have much to do with a politicized environment. Thirdly, when a politicized setting is given, labor militancy which arises in the midst of export expansion tends to be instrumentalist, whilst that arising in export contraction is prone to be anti-system. Lastly, no matter what type of labor militancy, it is more likely that the labor rank-and filers with withdraw from the militant mobilization when their economic claims are met, while the labor activists and politicians persist until they have been granted political concessions.     

法律义务观念的来源——从《法律的概念》出发

道德规则科予义务是毫无疑问的。那么在法律下的义务性是否会是来自于道德规则就变得很关键。而如果否认法律义务是来自于道德,那么它必须有着自身的义务来源,于是产生了法律实证主义的命令说理论,并且产生了与命令说有密切联系的预测论理论。所以《法律的概念》要发现＂法律科学的真正关键＂就必须处理法律下的义务观念与道德、命令说以及预测论之间的关系,从而得到正确的结论。     

法官与法治

法治是一种理性的社会治理模式,具有一定的稳定性。在法治社会中,要保证法律权威的实现,当然离不开法官,这是实现法律正义的最后一道防线。因此,法官在法治社会中有着举足轻重的地位。     

要切实发挥工会组织在企业改制中的作用

面对国企主辅分离、辅业改制的大趋势,工会应正确把握改革的力度、发展的速度和职工承受程度三者之间的关系,旗帜鲜明地支持改革,采取各种有力措施,维护职工合法权益。     

基于劳动关系视角的侵害商业秘密若干问题研究

近些年来,涉及劳动关系的侵犯商业秘密的案件屡屡发生,各种问题层出不穷,相关权利冲突不断。利益的驱动,使得商业秘密难免会被侵犯,而基于劳动关系侵害商业秘密的行为有着自身的特点,应当依据侵权行为的性质承担相应的法律责任。     

试论公安机关的刑事执行权

本文就公安机关的法定刑事执行权作新的探讨 ,一、公安机关的刑事执行权 ;二、公安机关承担刑事执行职能的利弊分析 ;三、有关刑事执行权的立法与体制改革意见 :1、取消管制和拘役 ;2、应当将公安机关的刑事执行权转移给司法行政机关行使。     

Striation Density for Predicting the Identifiability of Fired Bullets with Automated Inspection Systems*

Abstract: Automated firearms identification systems will correlate a reference bullet with all evidence bullets without a selection procedure to exclude the bullets having insufficient bullet identifying signature. Correlations that include such bullets increase the workload and may affect the correlation accuracy. In this article, a parameter called striation density is proposed for determining and predicting bullet identifiability. After image preprocessing, edge detection and filtering techniques are used to extract the edges of striation marks, the resulting binary image distinctly shows the amount and distribution of striation marks. Then striation density is calculated for determining the quality of images. In the experiment, striation densities for six lands of 48 bullets fired from 12 gun barrels of six manufactures are calculated. Statistical results show strong relation between striation density and identification rate. It can provide firearms identification systems with a quantitative criterion to assess whether there are sufficient striae for reliable bullet identification.