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291.
Clark McCauley Christian Leuprecht Todd Hataley Conrad Winn Bidisha Biswas 《Terrorism and Political Violence》2013,25(5):804-819
A 2008 poll of 430 Ottawa Muslims found predominantly negative views of the U.S. war on terrorism, including the war in Iraq and the war in Afghanistan. This poll also assessed approval of Western powers (U.S., Canada, Israel, United Nations) and challengers of Western power (Al-Qaeda, Hamas, Hizballah, government of Iran). Surprisingly, attitudes of Ottawa Muslims toward militant Muslim groups were unrelated to their attitudes toward Western governments. Discussion suggests that this pattern, if confirmed in other Muslim polls, would mean that the war of ideas against radical Islam must address not one target but two: favorable opinions of militants and unfavorable opinions of the U.S. Muslims who come to like the West more may not like Muslim militants any less. 相似文献
292.
Europeanisation is now a very prolific area of scholarly research in the social sciences, encompassing among other aspects examination of change in the polities, public policies and animating politics of states arising from engagement with the meta-organisation of the European Union. However, we argue that mainstream social science portrayals of categories of territory, identity and power remain comparatively neglected in existing analyses and the interrelations between these categories is undertheorised, preventing clarification of Europeanisation's underlying processes. We contend that a promising starting-point for resolving these discontents can be found in recent debates in geography focusing upon space and scale. 相似文献
293.
We introduce learning by doing in a dynamic contest. Contestants compete in an early round and can use the experience gained to reduce effort cost in a subsequent contest. A contest designer can decide how much of the prize mass to distribute in the early contest and how much to leave for the later one in order to maximize total efforts. We show how this division affects effort at each stage, and present conditions that characterize the optimal split. There is a trade off here, since a large early prize increases first period efforts leading to a substantial reduction in second round effort cost; on the other hand, there is less of the prize mass to fight over in the second round, reducing effort at that stage. The results are indicative of the fact that the designer often prefers to leave most of the prize mass for the second contest to reap the gains from the learning by doing effect. 相似文献
294.
David Clark 《West European politics》2013,36(3):25-44
This article compares recent public service reforms in Britain, France and Germany in terms of reform origins, the trade‐off between managerial and administrative values in the overall reform orientation and the balance within managerial reform between public choice and business management strands. An explanation is advanced of variations in national reform profiles which draws on elements of both political economy and historical institutionalist approaches. Particular importance is attributed to the composition of French and German administrative reform policy communities, and to the resilience of collectivist ideals of public service within the respective memberships, as compared with Britain. 相似文献
295.
Mitchell Meghan M. Fahmy Chantal Clark Kendra J. Pyrooz David C. 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2022,38(3):755-790
Journal of Quantitative Criminology - Longitudinal data offer many advantages to criminological research yet suffer from attrition, namely in the form of sample selection bias. Attrition may... 相似文献
296.
Recent decades have seen an acceleration in public concern about the allocation of increasingly scarce water supplies. There
are many reasons for this concern, such as growth in urban populations. In this article, we focus on how surface water’s special
qualities (the combination of spillovers, rent-seeking behavior, and common pool resources) complicate the assignment of property
rights in any legal framework. These characteristics make specific market structures necessary in order to efficiently allocate
rights. The state usually designs those structures. Yet, just like markets can fail, so can governments fail to effectively
allocate those rights. So designers often turn to quasi-judicial conservancy boards as a second-best solution. We argue that
those boards may themselves fail through a form of “corporation failure.” We address these three types of failures, and offer
an analysis of two cases that suggests that the likelihood conservancy boards will suffer from corporate failure depends on
the actions of the boards and outside stakeholders (like governments).
相似文献
Benjamin Y. ClarkEmail: |
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Behavioral economists recognize that we are all subject to the cognitive biases they have observed and studied in laboratory experiments. Yet the leading behavioral economists exhibit far more interest in applying those biases to market decisions than to political decision-, and see irrational decisions making as another example of market failure which justifies correction by some form of government action. We treat this as a justification for comparing the distortions of cognitive biases on market decisions with the distortions of those biases on political decisions. We also make a distinction between the rationality of individual decisions and the collective rationality of those decisions, and question Thaler’s argument that people fail to learn much from the mistakes they make in markets. We conclude that behavioral economists would do more to increase economic rationality by making the case for eliminating government policies that are clearly economically irrational and destructive. Eliminating such policies would not necessarily increase the individual rationality of political or market decisions, but it would increase the collective rationality of both. 相似文献