伦奎斯特人身保护法律思想的保守主义构造：以穷尽州法救济原则为中心的刑事判例研究

美国联邦法院人身保护是对州法院刑事被告提供的基本性申诉权利。伦奎斯特在人身保护法律制度的发展过程中起到了重要作用。前首席大法官坚持人身保护的保守主义法律路线,严格把握人身保护判例系统中的穷尽州法救济原则,强调社会稳定在犯罪狂潮中举步维艰,必须积极发挥各州法院审理刑事案件的地方性优势,防止联邦法院越俎代庖、顾此失彼。     

Should the Voting Age be Lowered to Sixteen? Normative and Empirical Considerations

This article is an examination of the issue of whether the age of electoral majority should be lowered to sixteen. We consider and reject several arguments raised by both sides of the voting age debate. The key issue, we claim, is the political maturity of young people. Drawing on empirical data collected in nationally representative surveys, we argue that the weight of such evidence suggests that young people are, to a significant degree, politically less mature than older people, and that the voting age should not be lowered to sixteen.     

Primer binding site mutations affecting the typing of STR loci contained within the AMPFlSTR SGM Plus kit

The Forensic Science Service carries out human identification and familial investigations using the AMPFlSTR SGM Plus kit (PE Biosystems, Warrington, England). We have studied approximately 42,000 parent/child allelic transfers (meioses) for deviations from expected Mendelian Inheritance patterns. Of 55 apparent mutations detected, 20 had patterns suggestive of the presence of a primer binding site mutation producing a silent/null allele. The presence of a silent allele was unequivocally demonstrated in 13 of the 20 suspected cases by using alternative primer sets. Of the 13 confirmed cases, 9 involved the D18S51 locus. As the individuals in these cases all originated from the same geographic region of the Middle East, this cluster suggests the presence of a relatively common variant D18S51 allele in that particular group. These data taken together with our previously published work, confirm that the primer binding sites utilised for amplification of the loci contained in the AMPFlSTR SGM Plus kit have highly conserved nucleotide sequences.